Injection of the monoamines octopamine and serotonin into the hemolymph of lobsters causes them to assume opposing static postures: octopamine causes a tonic extension of all extremities, while serotonin induces a tonic flexion. These amines have been shown previously to act as circulating neurohormones and to cause contraction of isolated exoskeletal muscles. The opposing postures elicited by ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of plasma neurohormones in the diagnosis of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic right ventricular dysfunction. SETTING Tertiary cardiovascular referral centre. METHODS Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations were measured in 21 asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic patients with chronic right ventricular pre...

BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure is one of a number of disorders associated with the development of a wasting syndrome. The precise mechanisms of this remain unknown, but previous studies have suggested a role for immune and neurohormonal factors. METHODS We aimed to investigate in detail the differences in body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry) and the relationship to candidate biochem...

Hormones are often responsible for synchronizing somatic physiological changes with changes in behavior. Ecdysis (i.e., the shedding of the exoskeleton) in insects has served as a useful model for elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this synchronization, and has provided numerous insights into the hormonal coordination of body and behavior. An example in which the mechanisms ha...

PURPOSE To investigate the potential of exercise hemodyanamic and neurohormone variables as sensitive biomarkers for pre-clinical evaluation of diltiazem (DTZ). METHODS Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6 - 8 each), and each group received DTZ 10 mg/kg twice daily for 5 doses or saline followed by a treadmill exercise protocol for 7 min with speed set at 7 m/mi...

Many characteristics of the South American teleost fish Cichlasoma dimerus (body size, easy breeding, undemanding maintenance) make it amenable to laboratory studies. In the last years, many of the fundamental aspects of its reproductive and developmental biology have been addressed in our laboratory. Rather recently, the immunohistochemical localization of pituitary hormones involved in reprod...

Since the initial studies showing the usefulness of B-type natriuretic peptide for aiding in heart failure diagnosis, a vast number of other clinical applications for this neurohormone have emerged. In addition to refining our capabilities to diagnose and prognosticate in acute heart failure, natriuretic peptides are now being used in outpatient heart failure clinics, in screening programs, and...

The gut microbiota comprises bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses that live together interact with each other host cells. A stable is vital for regulating metabolism maintaining body health, while a disturbed may induce different kinds of disease. In addition, diet also considered to be the main factor influences microbiota. could shape through factors. Here, we reviewed mechanisms m...

Recently, compelling evidence has accumulated that links sleep to learning and memory. Sleep has been identified as a state that optimizes the consolidation of newly acquired information in memory. Consolidation is an active process that is presumed to rely on the covert reactivation and reorganization of newly encoded representations. Hippocampus-dependent memories benefit primarily from slow-...