Williams Syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of known genetic origin, characterized by serious delays in language onset yet relatively verbose, intelligible and fluent speech in late childhood and adulthood. How do motor abilities relate to language in this group? We investigated planning and co-ordination of the movement of the speech articulators (oromotor praxis) in 28 fluent-spea...

Autistic disorder (AD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder typically identified in early childhood. Both genetic and environmental factors are implicated in its etiology. The number of individuals identified as having autism has increased dramatically in recent years, but whether some proportion of this increase is real is unknown. If real, susceptible populations may have exposure to contr...

In this article I explore the possibility that contaminants contribute to the increasing prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and associated neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems in developed countries. I discuss the exquisite sensitivity of the embryo and fetus to thyroid disturbance and provide evidence of human in utero exposure to contaminants that can interf...

Bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND) is the constellation of neurologic sequelae following milder degrees of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia than are associated with kernicterus. Clinically, BIND may manifest after the neonatal period as developmental delay, cognitive impairment, disordered executive function, and behavioral and psychiatric disorders. However, there is controversy regard...

At an estimated prevalence of up to five percent in the general population, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are most common neurodevelopmental disorder, at least if not more prevalent than autism (2.3%). Despite this pediatricians and other developmental specialists have thus far failed diagnose disability, leaving children adults without supports provided for disabilities. This paper w...

The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood and one more widespread chronic diseases that affect children school age, based on DSM-IV. This study focuses influence stress to kids suffering from ADHD importance other elements it. particular was articles in scientific journals, with purpose investigate some factors positively or...

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by clinically significant and persistent deficits in communication social interactions associated with restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests activities¹. ASD can be several comorbidities, including Intellectual Disability, ADHD, anxiety, depression, epilepsy sleep disorders ². In the contex...

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by two domains as per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition (DSM-5): deficits in social interaction and communication, and restricted, repetitive behavioural patterns and activities, such that impairment of functioning occurs [1]. ASD has a prevalence of approximately 1% [2]. Due to the heterogenous nature of ASD, ...

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD), a disorder of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism, manifests typically as a nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorder with cognitive deficiency, neuropsychiatric morbidity and epilepsy. Therapy targets symptomatic seizures and neurobehavioral disturbances. We report an adolescent female with SSADHD whose unresponsiveness to a broad spe...

Spines are small cytoplasmic extensions of dendrites that form the postsynaptic compartment of the majority of excitatory synapses in the mammalian brain. Alterations in the numerical density, size, and shape of dendritic spines have been correlated with neuronal dysfunction in several neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders associated with intellectual disability, including Rett syndrome...