Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s (HD), are the most concerning disorders due to lack of effective therapy dramatic rise in affected cases. Although these have diverse clinical manifestations, they all share a common cellular stress response. These responses including neuroinflammation, oxidativ...

Protein oxidation, one of a number of brain biomarkers of oxidative stress, is increased in several age-related neurodegenerative disorders or animal models thereof, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disorders, such as Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, and alpha-synuclein disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal dementia. Each of these neurodegenerative disorde...

Accumulation and aggregation of disease-causing proteins is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, and Huntington diseases. One of the main goals of research in neurodegenerative disorders has been to improve clearance of these accumulated proteins. Using the example of Huntington disease, I discuss strategies to selectively activate cellular degradation...

Neurodegenerative disorders, ischemic brain diseases, and tumors are debilitating diseases that severely impact a person's life could possibly lead to their demise if left untreated.

Numerous studies have revealed the pleiotropic functions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and have linked it with several neurodegenerative disorders. This review describes the signaling pathways induced by TNF-α via its two receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2), and their functions in neurodegenerative processes as in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), an...

BACKGROUND Granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) is one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it is defined as electron-dense granules within double membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles. Several lines of evidence have suggested that GVDs appear within hippocampal pyramidal neurons in AD when phosphorylated tau begins to aggregate into early-stage neurofibrillary tangles. Th...