Abstract: This paper presents a new multiple objectives model for the optimal production for an inventory control system. The stocked items may be deteriorates and the systems costs will be change over the time. In the real situation, some but not all customers will wait for backlogged items during a shortage period and therefore, the model incorporates partial backlogging. The demand rate can ...

AIM Early intervention programmes are expected to result in the reduction of illness severity in patients with schizophrenia, and contain health-care costs by reducing hospital admissions and improving the social functioning of patients. This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of treatment in an early intervention programme in comparison to standard care. METHODS Retrospective ...

Aim To analyse the cost-effectiveness of different interventions for Type 2 diabetes prevention within a common framework. Methods A micro-simulation model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a range of diabetes prevention interventions including: (1) soft drinks taxation; (2) retail policy in socially deprived areas; (3) workplace intervention; (4) community-based intervention;...

The purpose of this paper is to determine the cost-effectiveness of vaccinating inmates against hepatitis B. From the prison perspective, vaccinating inmates at intake is not cost-saving. It could be economically beneficial when the cost of a vaccine dose is <US dollars 30 per dose, or there is no prevalence of infection upon intake, or the costs of treating acute or chronic disease are about 7...

AIM To analyse the cost-effectiveness of different interventions for Type 2 diabetes prevention within a common framework. METHODS A micro-simulation model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a range of diabetes prevention interventions including: (1) soft drinks taxation; (2) retail policy in socially deprived areas; (3) workplace intervention; (4) community-based interventio...

OBJECTIVE This paper explores the use of pharmacoeconomic methods of valuation to health impacts resulting from exposure to poor air quality. In using such methods, interventions that reduce exposure to poor air quality can be directly compared, in terms of value for money (or cost-effectiveness), with competing demands for finite resources, including other public health interventions. DESIGN...

In Capital in the Twenty-First Century , Thomas Piketty uses what he calls “the second fundamental law of capitalism” to predict that wealth-to-income ratios are poised to increase dramatically as economies’ growth rates fall during the twenty-first century. This law states that in the long run the wealth-to-income ratio equals s/g, where s is the economy’s saving rate and g its growth rate. We...

We consider in this paper an Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) problem involving a single supplier that offers quantity discounts and allows retailers to delay payments. The retailers are tempted to form coalitions in order to minimize their costs. We propose a solution approach that generates stable coalition structures for the retailers taking into account the delay in payments and the discount q...