The affection of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) is the most common nerve palsy of the lower limb, probably due to its superficial location lateral to the surgical neck of the fibula. Functional outcome after reconstruction of this nerve is classically described as disappointing when compared with other frequently injured nerves. We analyzed seven recently published articles, to determine if th...

PURPOSE To review the demographics and injury patterns in consecutive pediatric patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury presenting to a single center over a 16-year period and to review the outcomes of nerve grafting and nerve transfers for reconstruction of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion in these patients. METHODS Forty-five pediatric patients presented for treatment of traumati...

BACKGROUND Segmental mandibulectomy with bilateral inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) resection results in complete sensory loss in the lower lip and chin. The purpose of this study was for us to report on a bilateral IAN reconstruction with a vascularized nerve graft after chemoradiotherapy during cancer ablation. METHODS The mandible was reconstructed with a fibular osteocutaneous flap that incl...

There is long-standing debate about sensate versus non-sensate free microvascular flaps among microsurgeons. The principle of connecting not only the vascular supply, but also sensitive nerves, in free tissue transfer is attractive. However, increased operating time and partial spontaneous innervation led to the common decision to restrict microsurgical tissue transfer to the vascular anastomos...

Neuroscientists have studied the relationship between nerve cell morphology and function for over a century. To pursue these studies, they need accurate threedimensional models of nerve cells that facilitate detailed anatomical measurement and the identification of internal structures. Although serial transmission electron microscopy has been a source of such models since the mid 1960s, model r...

Curved reconstruction of a three-dimensional data set along the anterior optic pathway improves visibility of the optic nerves and chiasm and facilitates comparison between the two nerves. Curved reconstruction reveals three patterns in patients with masses of the anterior optic pathway. Retrobulbar buckling of the optic nerve into a "periscope" configuration is observed in some patients.

Nerve reconstruction of extended nerve defect injuries still remains challenging with respect to therapeutic options. The gold standard in nerve surgery is the autologous nerve graft. Due to the limitation of adequate donor nerves, surgical alternatives are needed. Nerve grafts made out of either natural or artificial materials represent this alternative. Several biomaterials are being explored...

1 Received June 15, 2015; revised and accepted July 21, 2015. Published online August 11, 2015; doi: 10.1620/tjem.237.1. Correspondence: Kazuo Koyanagi, M.D., Ph.D., Division of Esophageal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. e-mail: [email protected] Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis after Esophagec...

We describe three patients in whom the tibial nerve was used, in mistake for the plantaris tendon, to repair a ruptured calcaneal tendon. The tendon repair was successful in all cases, but despite attempted reconstruction of the nerve, no patient had any motor recovery although two regained some protective sensation.