After peripheral nerve transection, axons distal to the cut site rapidly degenerate, a process termed Wallerian degeneration. In wild-type mice the compound action potential (CAP) disappears by 3 d. Previous studies have demonstrated that cold temperatures and lower extracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations can slow the rate of Wallerian degeneration. We have incubated isolated sciatic ne...

Wallerian degeneration and dying-back pathology are two well-known cellular pathways capable of regulating the breakdown and loss of axonal and synaptic compartments of neurons in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms and molecular triggers of these pathways remain elusive. Here, we show that loss of translation elongation factor eEF1A2 expression in lower motor neurons and skeletal muscle f...

Degeneration of the sympathetic neuron can be achieved by a variety of procedures. Until 1960 the most common method for producing degeneration of postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers was either to surgically remove the neuronal cell body, or to cut the extrinsic nerve fibers between the cell body and the effector organ. In recent years a number of chemical agents and immunological methods h...

OBJECTIVES Motor deficit and neuron degeneration is seen after nerve transection. The aim of this study is to determine whether a poled polyvinelidene fluoride (PVDF) tube with other supportive strategies can protect the neuronal morphology and motor function after sciatic nerve transaction in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS After transection of the left sciatic nerve in 60 male Wistar rats (200-...

ISHII, K. and ISHII, K. Degeneration in the Efferent Nerve Endings on the Chemoreceptor Cells of the Carotid Labyrinth after the Sympathetic Nerve Trunk Section. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1973, 109 (4), 339-345-Using 9 toads , the sympathetic nerve trunk was cut near the jugular ganglion . In more than a half of efferent nerve endings on the chemoreceptor cells, morphological changes , which were co...

. Mediastinal cystic formations are well-shaped, often round that contain fluid and lined with epithelium. The main include congenital benign cysts (bronchogenic, duplicating the esophagus, neuroenteric, pericardial thymic cysts), meningocele, mature teratomas lymphangiomas. Many tumors (e.g., thymomas, Hodgkin's disease, germ cell tumors, mediastinal carcinomas, lymph node metastases, nerve ro...

After nerve injury, Schwann cells proliferate and revert to a phenotype that supports nerve regeneration. This phenotype-changing process can be viewed as Schwann cell dedifferentiation. Here, we investigated the role of extracellular ATP in Schwann cell dedifferentiation and proliferation during Wallerian degeneration. Using several markers of Schwann cell dedifferentiation and proliferation i...

The relationship was studied between spatial contrast sensitivity function and type of pathology of the visual system. Two characteristics were found to be typical for amblyopia: there is a discrepancy between the high-frequency cut-off ('grating acuity') and the Snellen acuity; the contrast sensitivity is strongly dependent on the width of the stimulus. In optic nerve degeneration a decrease i...

HYPOTHESIS The authors believe that anatomic differences render the superior division of the vestibular nerve more susceptible to injury during vestibular neuritis. The purpose of the study was to investigate anatomic differences between the superior vestibular nerve and singular nerve canals. BACKGROUND Previous studies of temporal bones have revealed vestibular nerve degeneration in patient...