نتایج جستجو برای: natural selection

تعداد نتایج: 775126  

Journal: :The Quarterly review of biology 2014
Juan L Bouzat

On the basis that Darwin's theory of evolution encompasses two logically independent processes (common descent and natural selection), the only figure in On the Origin of Species (the Diagram of Divergence of Taxa) is often interpreted as illustrative of only one of these processes: the branching patterns representing common ancestry. Here, I argue that Darwin's Diagram of Divergence of Taxa re...

Journal: :Proceedings. Biological sciences 2000
K M Page M A Nowak K Sigmund

In the ultimatum game, two players are asked to split a certain sum of money. The proposer has to make an offer. If the responder accepts the offer, the money will be shared accordingly. If the responder rejects the offer, both players receive nothing. The rational solution is for the proposer to offer the smallest possible share, and for the responder to accept it. Human players, in contrast, ...

2014
Angelo Pirrone Tom Stafford James A. R. Marshall

2014
Samuel M Scheiner

In a heterogeneous environment, natural selection on a trait can lead to a variety of outcomes, including phenotypic plasticity and bet-hedging through developmental instability. These outcomes depend on the magnitude and pattern of that heterogeneity and the spatial and temporal distribution of individuals. However, we do not know if and how those two outcomes might interact with each other. I...

2013
The Anh Han Luís Moniz Pereira Francisco C. Santos Tom Lenaerts

When starting a new collaborative endeavor, it pays to establish upfront how strongly your partner commits to the common goal and what compensation can be expected in case the collaboration is violated. Diverse examples in biological and social contexts have demonstrated the pervasiveness of making prior agreements on posterior compensations, suggesting that this behavior could have been shaped...

Journal: :Journal of animal science 1986
D A Sorensen B W Kennedy

Use of mixed model techniques to estimate genetic variance and selection response is illustrated by simple examples. A minimum variance quadratic unbiased estimator (MIVQUE) of genetic variance using a reduced animal model is derived. Properties of the mixed model estimator of response are discussed and illustrated with results from Monte Carlo simulation. The mixed model estimator of response ...

Journal: :Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science 2016
James S Nairne Josefa N S Pandeirada

A few seconds of survival processing, during which people assess the relevance of information to a survival situation, produces particularly good retention. One interpretation of this benefit is that our memory systems are optimized to process and retain fitness-relevant information. Such a "tuning" may exist, in part, because our memory systems were shaped by natural selection, using a fitness...

2013
MARKKU KARHUNEN Otso Ovaskainen Mikko Sillanpää Jarrod Hadfield Jukka Corander

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Journal: :Trends in ecology & evolution 1995
E D Brodie A J Moore F J Janzen

Modern methods of analysis are enabling researchers to study natural selection at a new level of detail. Multivariate statistical techniques can Identify specific targets of selection and provide parameter estimates that fit into equations for evolutionary change. A more Intuitive understanding of the form of selection can be provided through graphical representation of selection surfaces. Comb...

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