anthropogenic alterations have affected urban hydrology in india and have generated a wide range of hydrological problems. such alterations include increase in directly-connected impervious cover thus reducing natural groundwater recharge. in the past urban runoff was largely viewed as a nuisance, but within the new paradigm of sustainability, this water is recognized as a potential resource. t...

Particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere has diverse natural and anthropogenic sources, is a complex, heterogeneous mixture [...]

Fingerprinting of external forcing Clear separation of anthropogenic from naturally forced climate changes is a fundamental prerequisite for any successful impact assessment of potential future climate change. The available instrumental record is both too short and contaminated through competing natural and anthropogenic forcings. An expansion of the records over many centuries provides a more ...

Petroleum hydrocarbons are important energy resources used by industry and in our daily life, whose production contributes highly to environmental pollution. To control such risk, bioremediation constitutes an environmentally friendly alternative technology that has been established and applied. It constitutes the primary mechanism for the elimination of hydrocarbons from contaminated sites by ...

Mercury emissions into the environment have both natural and anthropogenic sources. Natural sources include volcanic activity, erosion of mineral deposits (the earth’s crust contains 0.5 parts per million of mercury) (Gochfeld, 2003; Gustin, 2003), association with hydrocarbons (Miedaner et al., 2005; Wilhelm et al., 2006), and volatilization from the oceans, whereas man related sources include...

The impact of natural and anthropogenic sources of a ir pollution has gained increasing attention from scientific communities in recent years. Indeed , tropospheric aerosols not only perturb rad iative energy balance by interacting with solar and terrestrial rad iation, but also by changing cloud properties and lifetime. Furthermore, these anthropogenic and natural air pollutants, once generate...

Contamination of freshwater resources, fresh produce and some processed foods by perchlorate (ClO4 -) is a growing problem in the United States. The anion perchlorate is a naturally occurring as well as an anthropogenic chemical which occurs as salts of ammonium, sodium and potassium. The natural sources of perchlorate include Chilean caliche which is mined for use as a natural source of NaNO3 ...

Bulk soil organic carbon concentration and isotopic composition characterize its sources and fate, identify the anthropogenic input of organic carbon into the soil, and trace soil carbon turnover. Coal and/or coal combustion products represent the prime anthropogenic input of organic carbon into three soil profiles located in the vicinity of a steel company. Three profiles positioned away from ...

Elemental and molecular analyses indicate that the sources and inputs of terrigenous organic matter (OM) to the upper St. Lawrence system have been in ̄uenced by increased discharges of industrial solid organic wastes from the pulp and paper industry following its expansion in the 1920±1940's. Moderately altered lignin-rich particles from a combination of natural and anthropogenic sources predom...

Background: The sources of radioactivity in the environment have natural, terrestrial and extraterrestrial, and anthropogenic origins. Plants may get radioactive nuclides in two ways: (i) by the deposition of radioactive fallout, (ii) by absorption from the soil. Materials and Methods: The Concentrations of the natural radionuclides (226Ra, 228Ra, 40K) and the artificial radionuclide (...