In this paper we study the effect of source changes, caused by vocal tract load, in perception of nasality. For that we have developed an articulatory speech synthesizer, including a comprehensive nasal tract model and an interactive glottal source model. Our main objective was to investigate to what extent is necessary, in systems aimed to produce high quality synthetic sounds, to include the ...

Acknowledgments: Many thanks to audiences at UC Irvine, and at a UCSC phonology lunch meeting, for much helpful commentary. Thanks especially to Ryan Bush, Junko Itô, Armin Mester, Nathan Sanders, Rachel Walker, and Moira Yip. 1 On the following see Saussure's Cours de linguistique générale, and for interpretation Wells (1957) and Anderson (1985). The usual caveats when one attributes views to ...

The contrast between nasal vowels and oral vowels is phonemic in Taiwanese, however, their distributions are not entirely contrastive. For example, nasal nuclei do not occur when the coda is a nasal. It is analyzed that historically the nasal feature of the nasal coda spreads leftward to the nucleus, when the vocalic nasalization is rephonologized, the nasal coda is lost. Therefore, it has been...

The long-term goal of this project is to understand the patterns and timing of latest Pleistocene sedimentation in the Geoclutter area of the NJ margin. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions of the study area were developed using benthic foraminifera and sediment texture analyses of drill cores obtained in Fall 2002 using the ACHC-800 from the RV Knorr. This award was extended through October 31, ...

Accurate 3D reconstruction of neurons is vital for applications linking anatomy and physiology. Reconstructions are typically created using Neurolucida after biocytin histology (BH). An alternative inexpensive and fast method is to use freeware such as Neuromantic to reconstruct from fluorescence imaging (FI) stacks acquired using 2-photon laser-scanning microscopy during physiological recordin...

Eyelids are the protective mechanism of the eyes. The upper and lower eyelids have been formed for their specific functions by Nature. The eyelid defects are encountered in congenital anomalies, trauma, and postexcision for neoplasm. The reconstructions should be based on both functional and cosmetic aspects. The knowledge of the basic anatomy of the lids is a must. There are different techniqu...

Limb salvage procedures in primary bone tumours of the scapula offer attractive prospects regarding function and aesthetics. What procedure depends mainly on the site/extension, stage/diagnosis. In scapular resections the glenoid plays the key role. This retrospective study shows single centre Results regarding outcome. Methods: From October 1983–February 1998 thirty-three patients presenting w...