Vagueness is a linguistic phenomenon as well as a property of physical objects. Fuzzy set theory is a mathematical model of vagueness that has been used to define vague models of computation. The prominent model of vague computation is the fuzzy Turing machine. This conceptual computing device gives an idea of what computing under vagueness means, nevertheless, it is not the most natural model....

Uncertainty plays a significant role in modeling and optimization of real world systems. Among uncertain approaches, fuzziness describes impreciseness while for ambiguity another definition is required. Vagueness is a probabilistic model of uncertainty being helpful to include ambiguity into modeling different processes especially in industrial systems. In this paper, a vague set based on dista...

1. Introduction. While vagueness and ambiguity have been opposed in the semantic domain (vagueness is often described as meaning underdetermination, ambiguity as meaning overdetermi-nation, see Fine 1975; moreover, vagueness is fundamentally a property of concepts, ambiguity a property of stimuli or expressions), Raffman has made the suggestion that within soritical series, borderline cases typ...

Motivated by considerations in the foundations of quantum mechanics and inspired by the literature on vague predicates, we introduce the concept of an opaque predicate. While in the case of vague predicates there is a kind of indeterminacy with respect to the predicate, in the sense that the vagueness concerns whether a well-determined object satisfies it or not, in the case of opaque predicate...

Vagueness is often considered as an inherent property of spatiotemporal phenomena. In order to reduce this vagueness, integrity constraints should be defined to improve logical consistency of spatiotemporal databases. However, existing constraints are not adapted to control logical consistency of vague spatiotemporal objects because they are initially defined for crisp (or non–fuzzy) objects. W...

Using the example of a failed software implementation, we discuss the role of artifacts in shaping organizational routines. We argue that artifact-centered assumptions about design are not well suited to designing organizational routines, which are generative systems that produce recognizable, repetitive patterns of interdependent actions, carried out by multiple actors. Artifact-centered assum...

BACKGROUND Sharing interim data, results or result extrapolations is an important issue that can affect trial integrity. The different ways in which Data Safety Monitoring Boards (DSMBs) share interim results with non-DSMB members and the acceptability of such practices are poorly understood. Our objective was to undertake a narrative review specifically on what kind of interim results, if any,...

Most theories of vagueness characterize the phenomenon by reference to the extension of our concepts: the vagueness of a predicate is usually described by the existence of borderline cases, namely cases for which the predicate neither clearly applies, nor clearly fails to apply. A lot remains to be said about the relation between the existence of borderline cases and structural aspects of the m...

Fuzzy Logic has been successfully applied to all kinds of scenarios, where degrees of membership and truth can be systematically discerned. However it is highly contentious whether this fact renders Fuzzy Logic an ideal tool for modelling reasoning with vague concepts and propositions. There is a lively and prolific debate in analytic philosophy about so-called theories of vagueness. Interestin...

Spatial reasoning is crucial in many AI application domains, such as robotics, qualitative and naive physics, and some types of planning . Qualitative reasoning is often required ; and in many of these cases, uncertainty or imprecision about the spatial extent of particular entities has to be represented and coped with . This paper develops an axiomatisation of a relation of `crisping' (reducin...