Background: Metabolic pathway operation and NAPDH homeostasis in non-growing bacteria is unknown. Results: Newly discovered metabolic cycles and known metabolic reactions balance concertedly the catabolic NADPH production. Conclusion: We propose the first quantitative NADPH balancing model under non-growing conditions. Significance: NADPH balancing is significantly different between resting and...

Recent studies suggest that the superoxide generating enzyme NADPH oxidase may play a functional role in regulating cerebral vascular tone. We tested whether the activity, function, and expression of NADPH oxidase differs between rat cerebral and systemic arteries. Superoxide production by basilar (BA), middle cerebral (MCA), carotid (CA), renal (RA), and mesenteric (MA) arteries and aorta (AO)...

Studies were carried out to determine the actions of and interactions between ascorbate, NADPH, Fe2+, and Fe3+ on lipid peroxidation in adrenal and testicular microsomes. Ascorbate-induced malonaldehyde production was maximal in adrenal and testicular microsomes at an ascorbate concentration of 1 X 10(-4)M. Fe2+, at levels between 10(-6) and 10(-3)M, produced concentration-dependent increases i...

The metabolic requirements of a proliferating cell differ from those of a cell in homeostasis. In order for a cell to duplicate, it must double its genome, protein content and lipid mass. This process requires energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. However, unlike ATP, the amount of NADPH required for biosynthesis is much greater than that needed for homeostasis, which makes the generation of NAD...

AIMS The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase inhibition with apocynin would lower blood pressure and improve endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Although apocyin effectively dilated arterial segments in vitro, it failed to lower blood pressure or improve endothelial function. Further experiments were performed in normotensive rats and...

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 3-phosphate (reduced form) (NADPH) oxidase is expressed in the human heart and whether it contributes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in heart failure. BACKGROUND A phagocyte-type NADPH oxidase complex is a major source of ROS in the vasculature and is implicated in the pathophysiology of h...

Superoxide anion (O2-*) production is elevated in sympathetic ganglion neurons and in the vasculature of hypertensive animals; however, it is not known what enzymatic pathway(s) are responsible for O2-* production. To determine the pathway(s) of O2-* production in sympathetic neurons, we examined the presence of mRNA of NADPH oxidase subunits in sympathetic ganglionic neurons and differentiated...

Seaweeds emerge as promising third-generation renewable for sustainable bioproduction. In the present work, we valorized brown seaweed to produce l -lysine, world's leading feed amino acid, using Corynebacterium glutamicum , which was streamlined by systems metabolic engineering. The mutant C. SEA-1 served a starting point development because it produced small amounts of -lysine from mannitol, ...