Extracting AlCl3·6H2O from acid leaching solution through crystallization is one of the key processes to extracting aluminum from fly ash, coal gangue and other industrial solid wastes. However, the obtained products usually have low purity and a key problem is the lack of accurate data for phase equilibrium. This paper presented the non-equilibrium phase diagrams of AlCl3-NaCl-H2O (HCl) salt-w...

Reduction of acrylamide formation in potato chips was investigated in relation to ten pretreatments before frying. Potato slices were fried at 170 C for 5 min. Prior to frying, potato slices were soaked in one of the following solutions for 60min : (1) tap water ; (2-4) NaCl solutions (1%, 2% and 3%); (5-7) citric acid solutions (0.5 %, 1 % and 2%); (8) combined solution (NaCl 3% +0.5% citric a...

The method of solute permeability coefficient and solute fluxes appointment for the membrane, based on monitoring of changes of conductivity of electrolyte solutions was presented. It was stated that during mechanical stirring of solutions the coefficient of NaCl permeability for microbial cellulose membrane (Biofill) did not depend on configuration of the membrane system and concentrations of ...

Increased dietary salt exaggerates arterial blood pressure (ABP) responses evoked from the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The present study determined whether these enhanced pressor responses were directly attributable to a greater increase in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and whether these enhanced responses were balanced by a greater responsiveness of RVLM neurons to inhibitory inpu...

Previous studies from our laboratories demonstrated that dietary NaCl supplementation in NaCl-sensitive spontaneously hypertensive rats elevates blood pressure, increases peripheral sympathetic nervous system activity, and depresses endogenous norepinephrine stores and turnover in the anterior hypothalamus. These findings suggest that reduced noradrenergic input to sympathoinhibitory neurons in...

This work identifies the main phenomena that control the peptisation and transport of clay particles in a sand core. Clay can be dispersed into small particles in an aqueous solution of low ionic strength. This property is used to generate clay particles with NaCl concentration varying from 0.5 M to 0.015 M. For this purpose, a chromatographic column is initially packed with a 5 % clay-sand mix...

Adenosine has been proposed to act within the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) as a mediator of the inhibition of renin secretion produced by a high NaCl concentration at the macula densa. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of the adenosine1 (A1)-receptor blocker 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (CPX) on renin release from single isolated rabbit JGAs with macula densa perfused. Th...

We examined body fluid regulation by weanling (21-25 days) and adult (>60 days) male rats that were offspring of dams fed chow containing either 0.1, 1, or 3% NaCl throughout gestation and lactation. Weanling rats were maintained on the test diets until postnatal day 30 and on standard 1% NaCl chow thereafter. Ad libitum water intake by weanlings was highest in those fed 3% NaCl and lowest in t...

The mechanism by which active solute transport causes water transport in isotonic proportions across epithelial membranes has been investigated. The principle of the experiments was to measure the osmolarity of the transported fluid when the osmolarity of the bathing solution was varied over an eightfold range by varying the NaCl concentration or by adding impermeant non-electrolytes. An in vit...

In order to find an optimal hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) and to identify viable sperm cells from patients with asthenozoospermia for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), we tested single motile and non-motile spermatozoa in four hypo-osmotic solutions by micromanipulation. The four solutions were: A, H2O; B, 50 mOsm NaCl; C, 150 mOsm NaCl and D, 150 mOsm sodium citrate and fructose. Eo...