Cell therapy for patients who have intractable muscle disorders may require highly regenerative cells from young, healthy allogeneic donors. Mesenchymal stem cells are currently under clinical investigation because they are known to induce muscle regeneration and believed to be immune privileged, thus making them suitable for allogeneic applications. However, it is unclear whether allogeneic an...

To investigate whether exercise training can reverse age-related impairment of myogenic vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle arterioles, young (4 mo) and old (22 mo) male Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to either sedentary or exercise-trained groups. The roles of the endothelium and Kv1 channels in age- and exercise training-induced adaptations of myogenic responses were assessed through...

INTRODUCTION The objectives of this preliminary, prospective, cohort study were to ascertain the characteristics of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials at threshold levels in two groups of Ménière's disease patients - acute and stable - and to identify whether vestibular evoked myogenic potentials can provide any specific, objective information to distinguish acute from stable Ménière's disea...

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) involves sporadic expression of DUX4, which inhibits myogenesis and is pro-apoptotic. To identify target genes, we over-expressed DUX4 in myoblasts and found that the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret was significantly up-regulated, suggesting a role in FSHD. RET is dynamically expressed during myogenic progression in mouse and human myoblasts. Constitut...

Prevention of age-associated reduction in muscle mass and function is required to manage a healthy life. Supplemental (-)-Epicatechin (EC) appears to act as a potential regulator for muscle growth and strength. However, its cellular and molecular mechanisms as a potential muscle growth agent have not been studied well. In the current study, we investigated a role of EC in differentiation of mus...

Recent studies have shown that mitochondria play a role in the regulation of myogenesis. Indeed, the abundance, morphology, and functional properties of mitochondria become altered when the myoblasts differentiate into myotubes. For example, mitochondrial mass/volume, mtDNA copy number, and mitochondrial respiration are markedly increased after the onset of myogenic differentiation. Besides, mi...

Tissue engineering skeletal muscle in vitro is of great importance for the production of tissue-like constructs for treating tissue loss due to traumatic injury or surgery. However, it is essential to find new sources of cells for muscle engineering as efficient in vitro expansion and culture of primary myoblasts are problematic. Mesenchymal stem cells may be a promising source of myogenic prog...

The creation of functional muscles/muscle tissue from human stem cells is a major goal of skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fat/adipose tissue (AT-MSCs), as well as bone marrow (BM-MSCs) have been shown to bear myogenic potential, which makes them candidate stem cells for skeletal muscle tissue engineering applications. The aim of this study was to analyse t...

Background and Aim: Caffeine at low doses blocks adenosine receptors. These receptors are present in all parts of the body including auditory and vestibular system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of caffeine on cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP). Methods: In this interventional double-blind study, 40 cases (20 females and 20 males) aged 18-25 years were randomly ass...

Elevation of intravascular pressure causes depolarization and constriction (myogenic tone) of small arteries and arterioles, and this response is a key element in blood flow regulation. However, the nature of pressure-induced depolarization has remained elusive. In the present study, we provide evidence that a transient receptor potential channel (TRPC6) homologue has a major role in this depol...