Background & objectives: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) containers have many applications in the food industry. Although there are numerous advantages for PET it also has some disadvantages, one of which is the migration of materials from the container into the material inside. In this study, the effect of two factors of storage time and temperature on the migration rate was evaluated and mod...

this paper presents developing an analytical model for flux switching motors. the motor is a class of variable reluctance motors that has two windings on stator; a field winding and an armature winding. due to saliency of both stator and rotor poles, accurate modeling is difficult which arises from the nonlinear behavior of the machine. this paper presents a simple model which is able to predic...

International migrations are transforming the urban landscape in cities all around world. In this article I address effect of Cape Verdean migration on built environment Lisbon's periphery. Specifically, analyse a traditional practice mutual aid originating rural Verde, djunta-mon system, as device migrant urbanism projected onto Cova da Moura neighbourhood. article, which is based ethnographic...

Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) has recently gained interest of researchers due to its simplicity in implementation, efficiency and existence of very few parameters. The BBO algorithm is a new type of optimization technique based on biogeography concept. This population-based algorithm uses the idea of the migration strategy of animals or other species for solving optimization problems. t...

We study the possibility that the mutual interactions between Jupiter and Saturn prevented Type II migration from driving these planets much closer to the Sun. Our work extends previous results by Masset and Snellgrove (2001), by exploring a wider set of initial conditions and disk parameters, and by using a new hydrodynamical code that properly describes for the global viscous evolution of the...

Tunnel construction is affected from its origins by different types of uncertainties responsible for innumerable safety risks. This problem has been addressed constantly during the last times achieving positive results, but the complex work scenarios and the common variability of the construction processes prevent putting an end to this problem. For this reason, this study presents an alternati...

Migration and stratification are increasingly intertwined. One day soon it will be impossible to understand one without the other. Both focus on life chances. Stratification is about differential life chances - who gets what and why - and migration is about improving life chances - getting more of the good things of life. To examine the interconnections of migration and stratification, we addre...

Theories developed to explain the processes that govern the assembly and composition of natural plant communities can be divided into two broad categories. Niche-based theories propose that coevolutionary changes among species lead to character divergence (displacement), which allows for coexistence by partitioning resources among species. In contrast, ecological-drift theories propose that spe...