Site-directed mutagenesis in vitro was used to introduce stop codons in the genomic DNA of the alpha and beta chains of the murine class II major histocompatibility complex antigen, I-Ak. Mutated DNA was transfected into B lymphoma cells that were then selected by neomycin resistance and for their ability to express I-Ak molecules on their plasma membrane. The translational diffusion coefficien...

The objective of this study was to pursue the techniques involving the screening of the human antibody Fab fragment against hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and the construction of its disulfide-stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv). The phage antibody Fab fragments against HBsAg were screened from the human combinatorial immunoglobulin library. Sequence analysis revealed that its heavy chain ...

Abstract Background Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) protein kinase is the major sensor of DNA damage response (DDR) and oxidative stress, variously implicated in cellular metabolism. Previous studies on ATM functions heart have produced conflicting results. Here we hypothesized that might regulate cardiomyocyte metabolic homeostasis function. Methods Atm-mutated mice (Atm-/-) their wild-typ...

Background: The immune antigen of Bacillus anthracis is a protein that can attach to the surface receptor of all human cells. At the surface of cancer cells, there is a receptor that activates the uPA (Urokinase plasminogen) that do not exist in normal human cells. Objectives: The aim of this study was changing the location of the attachment of the PA gene by a dir...

Background: The immune antigen of Bacillus anthracis is a protein that can attach to the surface receptor of all human cells. At the surface of cancer cells, there is a receptor that activates the uPA (Urokinase plasminogen) that do not exist in normal human cells. Objectives: The aim of this study was changing the location of the attachment of the PA gene by a dir...

An artificial amyloid-based redox hydrogel was designed for mediating electron transfer between a [NiFeSe] hydrogenase and an electrode. Starting from mutated prion-forming domain of fungal protein HET-s, hybrid containing single benzyl methyl viologen moiety synthesized. This able to self-assemble into structurally homogenous nanofibrils. Molecular modeling confirmed that the groups are aligne...

To clarify whether mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) are related to naive pre-germinal center B cells (expressing nonmutated rearranged VH genes) or to germinal center-derived memory B cells (expressing mutated rearranged VH genes), clonal IgH gene rearrangements using DNA from six MCLs were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified and analyzed for the presence of somatic mutations. For comparison,...

Background: The 3243ARG MTTL1 mutation is the most common heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation associated with disease. Previous studies have shown that the percentage of mutated mtDNA decreases in blood as patients get older, but the mechanisms behind this remain unclear. Objectives and method: To understand the dynamics of the process and the underlying mechanisms, an accurate flu...

The considerable heterogeneity in morphology, immunophenotype, genotype, and clinical behavior of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) hinders firm conclusions on the origin and differentiation stage of the neoplastic cells. Immunoglobulin (IG) gene usage and somatic mutation patterns were studied in a series of 43 SMZL cases. Clonal IGHV-D-J rearrangements were amplified in 42/43 cases (4 cas...