SUMMARY In 2009, the Union for International Cancer Control defined lymph node (LN) metastasis ≥6 cm in diameter as stage 4 in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Lesions from such LNs become ulcerated and infected and bleed without treatment. A 67-year-old man suffered from skin cancer on his right back and a 7-cm-diameter LN metastasis. After axillary LN dissection, a large skin and soft tis...

Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA) is a key enzyme in glycolysis and is responsible for catalyzing the reversible conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. ALDOA contributes to various cellular functions such as muscle maintenance, regulation of cell shape and mobility, striated muscle contraction, actin filament organization an...

objective(s): pregabalin (pgb) is a new antiepileptic drug that has received fda approval for patient who suffers from central neuropathic pain, partial seizures, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia and sleep disorders. this study was undertaken to evaluate the possible adverse effects of pgb on the muscular system of mice. materials and methods: to evaluate the effect of pgb on skeletal...

hepatoblastoma (hb) is a rare tumor of infancy and childhood manifesting with hepatomegaly and abdominal distention. it is seen with increased frequency in association with congenital hemihypertrophy and renal anomalies. metastases to other organs, including the lungs, lymph nodes and even ovaries is well known. but cerebral metastasis of this tumor, especially in the absence of metastasis to o...

introduction malignant priapism due to cancers is a rare condition that only 30 cases of kidney cancers were reported. case presentation we report on the first case of simultaneous penile, renal vein, vena cava, liver and ipslateral adrenal gland metastases from primary renal cancer in a 56-year-old man. the only complain of the patient was a history of painful priapism for one month. corporogl...

a 33-year-old female presented with intermittent abdominal pain and severe attacks of lower gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding since 2 weeks. she has had history of irregular menses in last 3 months. in the labeled rbc-scan study, the bleeding site was detected in left upper quadrant (luq). in surgery, a tumor with the diameter of 2ã—1cm in a 65 cm distance of ligament of trietz was detected. in pa...

Although diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) usually occurs in the lymph nodes, approximately 30-40% of the time it can have an extranodal site of involvement and it can arise in nearly every body site such as intestine, bone, breast, liver, skin, lung, and central nervous system. Muscle involvement of DLBCL is especially uncommon, comprising 0.5% of extranodal NHL. We report a case of a 72-y...

INTRODUCTION The consequences of bone metastasis are often devastating. Although the exact incidence of bone metastasis is unknown, it is estimated that 350,000 people die of bone metastasis annually in the United States. The incidence of local recurrences after mastectomy and breast-conserving therapy varies between 5% and 40% depending on the risk factors and primary therapy utilized. So far,...

The development of resistance and progressive disease after treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors is becoming a controversial issue. We investigated the experimental conditions that cause multireceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKI) to augment metastasis and whether opportune combinations with chemotherapy could counteract this effect. The renal Renca-luc tumor was transplanted orthotopical...

intraocular metastatic tumors have been increasingly reported in the recent past. unlike choroidal metastasis, metastasis to retina is very rare and so far has been reported in very few case reports only. case presentation : a 56 year-old male who presented with a history of adenocarcinoma of the cecum and underwent lap colectomy for the primary cecal tumor, received adjuvant chemotherapy for a...