Except for linear devices like CRTs, color transformations from colorimetric specifications to device coordinates are mostly obtained by measuring a set of samples, inverting the table, and looking up values in the table (including interpolation), and mapping the gamut from input to output device. The accuracy of a transformation is determined by reproducing a second set of samples and measurin...

We present a statistical technique to characterize the global color distribution in an image. The result can be used for color correction of a single image and for comparison of different images. It is assumed that the object colors are similar to those in a set of colors for which spectral reflectances are available (in our experiments we use spectral measurements of the Munsell and NCS color ...

New buildings continue to be constructed in historic districts as urbanization accelerates. This leads incongruities between and modern buildings, well degradation of the landscape. As a means resolving these problems, this study uses expert scoring method solicit opinions from relevant experts through anonymous methods for architectural samples establishes two groups images that have been scre...

Color sensors in scanners and color copiers are not colorimetric | RGB values are not a linear transformation away from device{independent XYZ tristimu-lus values. For a given set of targets or dyes one can readily nd a best linear transform or use interpolation. However, when the possible targets are unknown, a data-independent transform is needed. Here, we set out a very simple linear transfo...

Rods act as color receptors in dim illumination. Several recent studies have measured the range of colors at low-light levels in different illuminants. This paper reviews these results and adds new experiments using long-wave-rich illumination, appropriate for rod and long-wave cone interactions. The experiment illuminates Munsell ColorChecker papers with 546, and then with 455 nm narrowband li...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Visual deficits are frequent in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet little is known about the nature of these disturbances. The aim of the present study was to investigate color discrimination in patients with AD to determine whether impairment of this visual function is a cognitive or perceptive/sensory disturbance. METHODS A cross-sectional clinical study was conducted in a specia...

Basic perceptual abilities are universal, and most people can distinguish between millions of distinct shades. However, languages differ in the set basic color terms (BCTs) they have. Despite numerous prior studies, exact number BCTs Mandarin (Sino-Tibetan) Spanish (Indo-European) is still debated. In Mandarin, this varies from 6 to 11, whereas there about 11 or 12 BCTs. Additionally, differenc...

This study was held in Fadhlia region, 22 km northeast of Mosul city, province center, and aims at knowing the effect olive trees soil optical properties, three sites orchards were chosen with different ages agricultural processes, age first site is 200 years old, second 10 old third 25 pedons drilled under trees, others uncultivated land, several photographs for taken using a digital camera to...