One problem is that the complexity of sustaining the prevention effort has not been captured well by randomised trials, which veer towards individual-level (sometimes referred to as “high-risk”) strategies rather than evaluations of structural interventions at the population level. General practitioners have a very valuable role to play, but placing the burden of prevention squarely on them wil...

Asthma continues to disproportionately affect minority and low-income groups, with African American and Latino children who live in low-socioeconomic-status urban environments experiencing higher asthma morbidity and mortality than white children. This uneven burden in asthma morbidity has been ever increasing despite medical advancement. Many factors have contributed to these disparities in th...

OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of common challenges that pediatric eHealth researchers may encounter when planning, developing, testing, and disseminating eHealth interventions along with proposed solutions for addressing these challenges. METHODS The article draws on the existing eHealth literature and the authors' collective experience in pediatric eHealth research. RESULTS AND CONCLUSI...

A variety of epidemiologic studies has demonstrated the high prevalence of depressive disorders in primary care [1–4]. Indeed, by patient preference, the majority of treated depressive episodes are in primary care practices [5,6]. This is particularly true for older persons [7,8]. Accordingly, it is not surprising that primary care clinicians place a high priority on recognizing and treating th...

Traditional approaches to disseminating research findings have failed to achieve optimal healthcare. In a systematic review of 235 studies of guideline dissemination and implementation strategies, we observed the following: there was a median 10% improvement across studies, suggesting that it is possible to change healthcare provider behaviour and improve quality of care; most dissemination and...

Potentially harmful substance use is common, but many affected people do not receive treatment. Brief face-to-face treatments show impact, as do strategies to assist self-help remotely, by using bibliotherapies, computers or mobile phones. Remotely delivered treatments offer more sustained and multifaceted support than brief interventions, and they show a substantial cost advantage as users inc...

We summarize the key interventions and general findings from a 3-yr project titled, "Merging Palliative and Critical Care Cultures in the Medical Intensive Care Unit." This multifaceted demonstration project was designed so palliative care and intensive care clinicians would share their expertise and develop projects that promote end-of-life care in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) setting. ...

The mechanisms through which manual therapy inhibits musculoskeletal pain are likely multifaceted and related to the interaction between the intervention, the patient, the practitioner, and the environment. Placebo is traditionally considered an inert intervention; however, the pain research literature suggests that placebo is an active hypoalgesic agent. Placebo response likely plays a role in...

Impulsivity is a central defining feature of several psychiatric disorders and a frequent correlate of many forms of psychopathology and maladjustment. Despite recognition of the importance of impulsivity to an understanding of a wide variety of clinically–relevant behaviors, this multifaceted construct remains ill–defined and not well understood. The primary aims of this article are to briefly...

Of all human malignancies, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most refractory to existing therapies despite combination approaches of surgical resection, irradiation, and chemotherapy. The median survival is ∼12–14 mo, regardless of the therapeutic intervention. The 5-y survival of patients with a diagnosis of GBM is less than 9.8% (1). This remarkably poor rate of survival begs the que...