background: every year more than 2 million people depart from iran to saudi arabia for hajj ritual which can be faced with some different diseases. there are not much information about frequencies and trend of diseases in hajj. the main objective of this study was to determine the trend of prevalent diseases during five consecutive hajj rituals among iranian pilgrims. methods: we established a ...

Respiratory disorders are major concern for dairy cattle industry. Viruses and bacteria in combinationwith stress play a key role in triggering acute respiratory infections. The most important viral agents arebovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus(BRSV), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) and bovine adenovirus (BAV). This cros...

Diseases caused by chronic inflammation (e.g., arthritis, multiple sclerosis and diabetic ulcers) are multicausal, thus making treatment difficult and inefficient. Due to the age-associated nature of most of these disorders and the demographic transition towards an overall older population, efficient therapeutic intervention strategies will need to be developed in the near future. Over the past...

Given the heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder, an important limitation of much autism spectrum disorder research is that outcome measures are statistically modeled as separate dependent variables. Often, their multivariate structure is either ignored or treated as a nuisance. This study aims to lift this limitation by applying network analysis to explicate the multivariate pattern of risk...