Introduction Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is used to characterize perfusion and extracellular volume in tumors through the tracer kinetic modeling of MRI contrast agents (typically Gd-DTPA). However, the parametric estimates resultant of DCE-MRI may be influenced by several confounding factors, including inter-compartmental water exchange [1]. In contrast to MRI contrast agents, radi...

Gadolinium(III)-based contrast agents improve the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially when targeted contrast agents are applied. Because of nonlinear correlation between the contrast agent concentration in tissue and the MRI signal obtained in vivo, quantification of certain biological or pathophysiological processes by MRI remains a challenge. Up to now,...

Introduction: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a non-invasive imaging modality for tumor characterization and evaluating tumor response to anti-cancer therapies [1-2]. Current clinical MRI contrast agents are small molecular contrast agents, which have limitations for accurate and quantitative measurement of tumor vascular parameters due to their non-selective e...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most powerful tool for deep penetration and high-quality 3D imaging of tissues with anatomical details. However, the sensitivity of the MRI technique is not as good as that of the radioactive or optical imaging methods. Carbon-based nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in biomaterial research in recent decades due to their unique physical pr...

glioblastoma is considered as the most aggressive type of gliomas. its invasive character involves adjacent tissues and hinders the treatment procedure. although surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been the standard therapeutic protocol, the incompetency of detection methods to delineate the exact tumor margins results in recurrence of the tumor. nkcc1 (sodium-pota...

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being actively researched in various biomedical applications, particularly as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for diagnosing liver pathologies like nonalcohol fatty diseases,...

Introduction: Early detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors enable more efficacious cancer treatment at an earlier stage and improvement of cancer patients' survival and quality of the life. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging modality for cancer detection and diagnosis. However, current clinically used contrast enhanced MRI is not effective for molecular imaging because ...

PURPOSE Iodinated contrast agents lead to contraction of the gallbladder. The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate whether the paramagnetic contrast agents used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cause volume changes in gallbladder or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS The gallbladder volume changes were evaluated by ultrasound just before and 15 minutes after the imaging procedure ...

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a novel contrast mechanism for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CEST MRI selectively saturates exchangeable protons that are transferred to MRI-detectable bulk water signal. MRI-CEST (pH)-responsive agents are probes able to map pH in the microenvironment in which they distribute. To minimize the confounding effects of contrast agent concentratio...

3 Classifications of Contrast Agents for Cardiac MRI...................................................... 35 3.1 Extracellular Fluid Space Contrast Agents .............. 35 3.2 Blood-Pool Contrast Agents...................................... 37 3.3 Intracellular Contrast Agents .................................... 39 3.4 Necrosis-Avid or Multipurpose Contrast Agents? ... 39 3.5 Potential Plaqu...