OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship between serum carotenoids, retinol and anaemia among pre-school children. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in two groups: anaemic and non-anaemic. Serum levels of retinol, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin were measured in the study subjects. SETTING Six rural communes of Dinh Hoa, a rural and moun...

Colonia settlements, commonly described as rural unincorporated clusters of generally substandard houses, are scattered widely along the southern border of the United States. These settlements, which have proliferated without constraint largely because of the absence of effective controls on rural county land use, often lack access to essential services, such as public water, gas, electricity, ...

The aim of the research in paper is to evaluate state rural settlements Brčko District with regard development tourism. Together Tourism Department District, five experts from field tourism were selected and they evaluated current this part Bosnia Herzegovina. evaluations processed using fuzzy approach SWARA (Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) multi-criteria decision-making method. Usin...

INTRODUCTION The government of Sudan has consistently accepted refugees on a humanitarian basis since the mid 1960s. The refugees in the country are in: (i) reception centres; (ii) organized wageearning and semi-urban settlements; and (iii) urban and rural areas where refugees have self-settled among the local population. The main concern here is the self-settled urban refugees, with more empha...

BACKGROUND Bundling, which consists of wrapping an infant for prolonged periods in a sheepskin cover after dried cow dung is applied, is a common and apparently unique practice limited to the rural, mountainous regions of Northern Pakistan. The practice is initiated at various ages during the neonatal period. Its potential contribution to neonatal tetanus (NNT) had not been evaluated. METHODS...

It is known that overweight is associated with chronic knee pain (CKP) and chronic low back pain (CLBP). Several risk factors for these conditions have been postulated, including age, sex, overweight, occupation, and socioeconomic factors. In addition, physical environment has been studied as a potential risk factor in recent years. However, the associations of overweight and physical environme...

abstract from 165 millions cubic meters of water which is used in kalat region, 60 millions cubic meters is surface water and 105 millions cubic meters is underground water. most of water needed in this region, is provided by the rivers. there is not any problem for providing water in agricultural section, drinking water and hygiene sections in the region. the most important problem in the regi...

The prevalence of atopic eczema (AE) has risen over the past few decades. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence of AE in South Africa. The ISAAC phase 1 study reported a prevalence of 5 10% in Cape Town schoolchildren. A recent study by Todd et al. conducted among Xhosa children demonstrated a point prevalence (dermatologist-diagnosed) of 0.7%, 1.1% and 3.7% in rural, peri-urban and urba...