Abstract One year after the Hillary/Tenzing ascent of Everest, W. H. Auden’s ‘Mountains’ (1954) describes climbers as ‘those unsmiling parties, / Clumping off at dawn in gear their mystery For points up’. By this time, such was likely to include an oxygen rig. Attitudes support human breath ‘on hill’ early twentieth century were fractured and controversial. Oxygen-less attempts associated with ...

Erin Parisi is attempting to become the first trans* person ascent highest mountain on each of seven continents, through her project TranSending 7. seeks create alternative narratives that are based possibility positive futures, as opposed negative tropes a limited life from decision transition. Multiple semi-structured interviews were conducted with understand experiences and how she hopes pre...

The acute ventilatory response to hypoxia (HVR) and to hypercapnia (CO2VR) was measured in 32 members of two mountaineering expeditions prior to their departure. Both teams made rapid ascents to their base camps at 5200 m and 4300 m and remained there for at least four days. Symptom scores for acute mountain sickness (AMS) were collected daily for these four days. There was a range of AMS from ...

When you do some mountaineering...you sometimes...want to climb to some peak but there is fog everywhere...you have your map or some other indication where you probably have to go and still you are completely lost in the fog. Then...all of a sudden you see quite vaguely in the fog, just a few minute things from which you say, “Oh, this is the rock I want.” In the very moment that you have seen ...

explained by the reduced alkali reserve that is characteristic of the acclimatized state, but must be due to an increased sensitivity of the respiratory centre to carbon dioxide. The above results have some bearing on practical mountaineering. I t is clear that if oxygen equipment is used for mountain climbing, ventilation will be least at any level of work in the unacclimatized man. As soon as...

This review article reports the recent advances in the study, design and production of ski-boots for alpine skiing. An overview of the different designs and the materials used in ski-boot construction is provided giving particular emphasis to the effect of these parameters on the final performances and on the prevention of injuries. The use of specific materials for ski-boots dedicated to diffe...

Route directions research has mostly focused on urban space so far, highlighting human concepts of street networks based on a range of recurring elements such as route segments, decision points, landmarks and actions. We explored the way route directions reflect the features of space and activity in the context of mountaineering. Alpine route directions are only rarely segmented through decisio...