purpose: regarding the high prevalence of low back pain in various communities and the need to determine an appropriate treatment plan for these patients, examining their functional limitation and disability level is of utmost importance. in this regard, one of the important indicators is lumbar range of motion. measurement of the range of motion is a common and appropriate method for determini...

low back pain (lbp) is also one of the most common medical conditions in athletes. there is little doubt that patients with lbp use from their body differently than pain free individuals. the purpose of this review was to investigate changes in motor control which may be present in athletes with lbp. the search strategy for this review consisted of an electronic database search of full text in ...

Many diseases are related to cerebrospinal .uid (CSF) hydrodynamics. Therefore, understanding the hydrodynamics of CSF .ow and intracranial pressure is helpful for obtaining deeper knowledge of pathological processes and providing better treatments. Furthermore, engineering a reliable computational method is promising approach for fabricating in vitro models which is essential for inventing gen...

Suspending a rectangular vessel partially filled with an inviscid fluid from a single rigid pivoting rod produces an interesting physical model for investigating the dynamic coupling between the fluid and vessel motion. The fluid motion is governed by the Euler equations relative to the moving frame of the vessel, and the vessel motion is given by a modified forced pendulum equation. The fully ...

A series of six Zn(II) tetraphenylporphyrins (ZnTPP), with a phenyl (P) or oligophenyleneethynylene (OPE = (PE) n ) rigid-rod bridge varying in length (9-30 A) and terminated with an isophthalic acid (Ipa) anchoring unit, were prepared as model dyes for the study of sensitization processes on metal oxide semiconductor nanoparticle surfaces (MO(n) = TiO(2), ZnO, and insulating ZrO(2)). The dyes ...

In this paper we present a robust hybrid motion/force controller for rigid robot manipulators. The main contribution of this paper is that the proposed hybrid control system is able to accomplish motion objectives in free directions and force objectives in constrained directions under parametric uncertainty both in robot dynamics and stiffness constraint constant. Also, the given scheme is prov...

A tuned mass rocking wall (TMRW) is a passive control device that combines the merits of traditional damper (TMD) and (RW). TMRWs not only help avoid weak story failure host structure but can also be regarded as largely substructure in building structure. Through appropriate design frequency ratio, dissipate much more energy under earthquake excitations. In this paper, basic equations motion fo...