The results of cross-agglutination and agglutinin absorption experiments with the motile smooth, non-motile smooth, motile rough, and non-motile rough forms of B. typhosus are presented. Cross-agglutination between these four forms is complete, save that the motile rough antigen is under certain conditions only weakly agglutinated by the antisera prepared with the non-motile forms. Cross-absorp...

Cormorants hunt both benthic (sedentary) and pelagic (motile) prey but it is not known if the energy costs of foraging on these prey differ. We used respirometry to measure the costs of diving in double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) foraging either for sedentary (fish pieces) or motile (juvenile salmon) prey in a deep dive tank. Short dives for sedentary prey were more expensive th...

In the present study, bull sperm in the first and second ejaculates were divided into subpopulations based on their motility characteristics using a cluster analysis of data from computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA). Semen samples were collected from 4 Japanese black bulls. Data from 9,228 motile sperm were classified into 4 clusters; 1) very rapid and progressively motile sperm, 2)...

Sperm with reduced motility has reduced fertilizing capacity. If low-motile Duroc sperm is mixed with high-motile sperm, the fertilizing capacity of that dose is equal to semen doses exclusively containing high-motile Duroc sperm. With doses that only contained low-motile sperm, the number of total born piglets per litter dropped by minimum 0.5. Duroc boars were selected on the basis of the per...

Cilia are evolutionarily conserved organelles endowed with essential physiological and developmental functions. In humans, disruption of cilia motility or signaling leads to complex pleiotropic genetic disorders called ciliopathies. Cilia motility requires the assembly of multi-subunit motile components such as dynein arms, but mechanisms underlying their assembly pathway and transport into the...

Purpose: This study sought (i) to investigate the relationship between Postwash total motile sperm count and Postwash percentage motile sperm in predicting successful intrauterine insemination and (ii) to determine the minimal Postwash total motile sperm count required to achieve pregnancy with intrauterine insemination. Methods: Five hundred four women, who underwent 1636 intrauterine insemina...

Cilia, as motile and sensory organelles, have been implicated in normal development, as well as diseases including cystic kidney disease, hydrocephalus and situs inversus. In kidney epithelia, cilia are proposed to be non-motile sensory organelles, while in the mouse node, two cilia populations, motile and non-motile have been proposed to regulate situs. We show that cilia in the zebrafish larv...

Thirty-three gnotobiotic piglets from four litters were challenged with motile and nonmotile strains of Campylobacter pylori. The most motile strain, 26695, was the most virulent, with a 100% infection rate. The least motile strain, Tx30a, was the least virulent, with an infection rate of only 17%. Strain 60190 was weakly motile and had intermediate virulence, with an infection rate of 40%. Str...

Cystic forms (also called spheroplasts or starvation forms) and their ability to reconvert into normal motile spirochetes have already been demonstrated in the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The aim of this study was to determine whether motile B. garinii could develop from cystic forms, not only in vitro but also in vivo, in cyst-inoculated mice. The cysts prepared in distilled water...