‘Traditional morphometrics’ allows us to decompose morphological variation into its major independent sources, identifying them usually as size and shape. To compare and investigate the properties of size and shape in natural populations of Drosophila takahashii, estimating their seasonal changes, we carried out collections on two different occasions i.e. winter and summer. In the present study...

Phanaeus bravoensissp. n. is described from the coniferous-oak forests in the state of Guerrero, and P. huicholsp. n. from coniferous-oak forests and cloud forests in Jalisco and Nayarit. The new species are closely related to P. halffterorum and P. zoque respectively. Morphological trait combination, geographic distribution, and trophic habits show important differences among the studied speci...

Adaptive evolution occurs when fitness covaries with genetic merit for a trait (or traits). The breeder's equation (BE), in both its univariate and multivariate forms, allows us to predict this process by combining estimates of selection on phenotype with estimates of genetic (co)variation. However, predictions are only valid if all factors causal for trait-fitness covariance are measured. Alth...

in order to evaluate the genetic diversity and identify quantitative trait loci(qtl) controlling agro-morphological triats such as leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, internode distance, dried leaf yield per plot, plant height and stem girth, the genetic population including 225 f 2:3 families from the cross between two oriental-type tobacco genotypes ‘spt 406 (paternal) × basma seres 31 (mat...

Mineral nutrient malnutrition, particularly deficiency in zinc and iron, afflicts over 3 billion people worldwide. Biofortification of food crops is the best approach for conciliating the micronutrient deficiencies. Understanding the genetic basis of their accumulation is the preconditions for enhancing of these micronutrients. In our study, a mapping population of a set of 118 recombinant inbr...

Most phenotypic traits are controlled by many genes, but a global picture of the genotype-phenotype map (GPM) is lacking. For example, in no species do we know generally how many genes affect a trait and how large these effects are. It is also unclear to what extent GPMs are shaped by natural selection. Here we address these fundamental questions using the reverse genetic data of 220 morphologi...

Linkage relationships between loci affecting quantitative traits (QTL) and marker loci were examined in an interspecific cross between Lycopersicon esculentum and Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium. Parental lines differed for six morphological markers and for four electrophoretic markers. Almost 1700 F-2 plants were scored with respect to the genetic markers and also with respect to 18 quantitative...

Examination and comparison of the morphological features of tooth crown in archaeological and recent samples can be difficult due to the different levels of tooth wear seen both within and between populations. These differences make the comparison of frequency data for Carabelli trait problematic. The aim of the present study is to detect the frequency and degree of expression of Carabelli's tr...