The use of Monte Carlo simulations in diagnostic medical imaging research is widespread due to its flexibility and ability to estimate quantities that are challenging to measure empirically. However, any new Monte Carlo simulation code needs to be validated before it can be used reliably. The type and degree of validation required depends on the goals of the research project, but, typically, su...

The determination of gyration radius is a strong research for configuration of a Macromolecule. Italso reflects molecular compactness shape. In this work, to characterize the behavior of theprotein, we observe quantities such as the radius of gyration and the average energy. We studiedthe changes of these factors as a function of temperature for Acetylcholine receptor protein in gasphase with n...

Background: In CT systems, the machine utilizes a bowtie filter to shape the X-ray beam and remove lower energy photons. The shape of this bowtie filter is complicated and its geometry is often not available in detail. These renders the CT dose index (CTDI) to have different values in measurement versus Monte Carlo simulation studies and other analytical calculations especially in dosimetry of ...

ABSTRACT Background: accurate methods of radiation therapy dose calculation. There are different Monte Carlo codesfor simulation of photons, electrons and the coupled transport of electrons and photons. MCNPis a general purpose Monte Carlo code that can be used for electron, photon and coupledphoton-electron transport.Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport is considered to be one of the ...

Lattice rules are a quasi-Monte Carlo method, an alternative to the Monte Carlo method for multidimensional numerical integration. The measures of performance that we estimate by simulation can be seen as the values of integrals in large dimensions. Therefore, instead of the usual Monte Carlo method, one can use lattice rules in simulation. In this paper, we compare these rules to the Monte Car...

Monte Carlo simulation methods are widely used in medical physics research and are starting to be implemented in clinical applications such as radiation therapy planning systems. Monte Carlo simulations offer the capability to accurately estimate quantities of interest that are challenging to measure experimentally while taking into account the realistic anatomy of an individual patient. Tradit...

We have simulated a magnetite nanoparticle based ferrofluid using Monte Carlo method. Two and three dimensional Monte Carlo simulations have been done using parallel computing technique. The aggregation and rearrangement of nanoparticles embedded in a liquid carrier have been studied in various particle volume fractions. Our simulation results are in complete agreement with the reported experim...

The hydration of biomolecules is vitally important in molecular biology, so in this paper thesolvation energy and radial distribution function of DNA bases have been calculated by theMonte Carlo simulation.The geometries of isolated Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thyminehave been optimized using 6-31+G(d,p) basis function sets. These geometries then will be used inthe Monte Carlo calculation o...

in this work, based on experimental observations and exact theoretical predictions, the kinetic scheme of raft polymerization is extended to a wider range of reactions such as irreversible intermediate radical terminations and reversible transfer reactions. the reactions which have been labeled as kinetic scheme are the more probable existing reactions as the theoretical point of view. the deta...