We describe a duality mapping between STRIPS planning tasks. By exchanging the initial and goal conditions, taking their respective complements, and swapping for every action its precondition and delete list, one obtains for every STRIPS task its dual version, which has a solution if and only if the original does. This is proved by showing that the described transformation essentially turns pro...

mind is mysterious and complex . thoughts were transferred from one mind to the other mind by cognitive domains and senses. the scientific information is based on observation and analysis, and research may benefit the most through initial real information. we have a virtual area in mind; this area can help us for cognition of patients even if they do not speak. physicians, nurses, therapists, c...

the paper tries to investigate the question whether photography could be considered as a source of knowledge since the medium has expanded our knowledge about the world, enriching our visual unconscious as benjamin puts it. highlighting the objective, mechanical formation of photographic image -not being shared by other forms of visual representation including painting and drawing-anumber of ph...

To further increase the realism of ray tracing, we take the idea of distributed ray tracing and add on to it mirage rendering. Mirages are seen quite often in our daily lives, and in order to make computer generated images look as realistic as possible, it is necessary to add things, such as mirage rendering, that are seen in the natural world. Mirages are caused by light passing from colder ai...