Effectively controlling quantum mechanical tunneling through an ultrathin dielectric represents a fundamental materials challenge in the quest for high-performance metal-insulatormetal (MIM) diodes. Such diodes are the basis for alternative approaches to conventional thin-fi lm transistor technologies for large-area information displays, [ 1 , 2 ] various types of hot electron transistors, [ 2–...

INTRODUCTION Despite the importance of nickel and chromium release from orthodontic brackets, there are no in vivo or in vitro studies on this issue in the case of metal-injection molding (MIM) brackets. METHODS Saliva samples were collected from 30 orthodontic patients divided randomly into two groups of conventional and MIM brackets, before treatment and 2 months later. Approved attendees w...

C harcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a motor and sensory neuropathy with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Patients usually present in the first or second decade of life with distal muscle atrophy in the legs, areflexia, foot deformity (mainly pes cavus), and steppage gait. In most cases, hands are also involved as the disease progresses. CMT is the most frequent inherited neuropathy, with a...

A number of competing methodologies have been developed to identify genes and classify DNA sequences into coding and non-coding sequences. This classification process is fundamental in gene finding and gene annotation tools and is one of the most challenging tasks in bioinformatics and computational biology. An information theory measure based on mutual information has shown good accuracy in cl...

The Brönsted acidic ionic-liquid [HO(3)S(CH(2))(4)mim] HSO(4), a novel dual catalyst-solvent, has been successfully applied in simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction and hydrolysis for the determination of flavonol glycosides in Ginkgo foliage. The parameters, namely the [HO(3)S(CH(2))(4)mim]HSO(4) concentration, microwave-irradiation power, microwave-irradiation time, and solid-liquid rati...

The Man-in-the-Middle (MiM ) attack is used by attackers to perform sniffing activities in switched LAN networks. The potential damage to a network from sniffing activities can be very significant. This paper proposes a mechanism for detecting malicious hosts performing MiM attack in switched LAN networks. The proposed mechanism consists of sending trap and spoofed packets to the network’s host...

The increasing openness and heterogeneity of distributed computing systems requires the representation of meta-information in distributed environments. This paper presents a conceptual framework for discussing meta-information, and describes the DSTC’s design for a universal Meta-Information Manager (MIM) with the key properties of heterogeneity, extensibility and openness. The DSTC MIM design ...