The paper deals with a topology optimization formulation that uses mixed-finite elements. The discretization scheme adopts not only displacements (as usual) but also stresses as primary variables. Two dual variational formulations based on the HellingerReissner variational principle are presented in continuous and discrete form. The use of this technique and the choice of nodal densities as opt...

Surgery is a common intervention for stress incontinence and is also clearly an effective option for some patients with mixed incontinence, although success rates are lower in the latter indication. This may be partly due to a lack of clarity regarding terminology, which causes difficulties in predicting suitable patients and comparing clinical trial data. The presence of low-pressure detrusor ...

Abstract Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is today an established technique used for chemical fingerprinting. Here, we showcase engineered hierarchical substrate, in which the plasmonically active regions, restricted to a micron scale, two dimensional hexagonal pattern are examined. Spatial variation of signal from any analyte, uniformly coating consequently bears high registry with underlyi...