Mixed-linkage glucan∶xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (MXE) is one of the three activities of the recently characterised hetero-trans-β-glucanase (HTG), which among land plants is known only from Equisetum species. The biochemical details of the MXE reaction were incompletely understood - details that would promote understanding of MXE's role in vivo and enable its full technological exploitatio...

Biodegradation of phenol in the presence of glucose as a supplementary substrate was investigated with mixed microbial consortium isolated from waste effluent of coke-steel factory. Batch experiments were carried out at room temperature and pH value of 7. Initial phenol and glucose concentrations were in the range of 25-1000 mg/l and 500-3000 mg/l, respectively. In a dual substrates system the ...

In the present study, a defined mixed microbial consortium was investigated for their ability to utilize three different monochlorophenols (MCPs) and 2,4-DCP individually and in the mixture. None of the individual strains were able to utilize 3-CP and 4-CP, but when they were mixed to form defined consortium, they have shown great potential and degradation of high concentration of 3-CP and 4-CP...

Five aerobic enrichments efficient at degrading methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) under different substrate conditions were developed in well-mixed reactors containing a polyethlene porous pot for biomass retention. The five substrate conditions were as follows: MTBE alone; MTBE and diethyl ether (DEE); MTBE and diisopropyl ether (DIPE); MTBE and ethanol (EtOH); and MTBE with benzene, toluene, eth...

The inhibitory effects of trivalent and other metal ions on f erroxidase (ceruloplasmin EC 1.12.3.1.) activity were investigated. All trivalent cations tested inhibited ferroxidase activity but the strongest inhibitors had an ionic radius of 0.81 A or less. The inhibition by Al(III) was found to be mixed competitive and uncompetitive with respect to the substrate, Fe(I1). The uncompetitive feat...

Mixed cultures of Cellulomonas sp. and Azospirillum brasilense were grown with straw or cellulose as the carbon source under conditions favoring the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. Rapid increases in cell numbers, up to 10 cells per g of substrate, were evident after 4 and 5 days of incubation at 30 degrees C for cellulose and straw, respectively. Nitrogen fixation (detected by acetylene redu...

Microbial growth on pollutant mixtures is an important aspect of bioremediation and wastewater treatment. However, efforts to develop mathematical models for mixed substrate kinetics have been limited. Nearly all models group either the microbial population (as "biomass") or the chemical species (e.g., as biological oxygen demand). When individual chemical species are considered, most models as...

The dynamics of microbial growth is a problem of fundamental interest in microbiology, microbial ecology, and biotechnology. The pioneering work of Jacob Monod, served as a starting point for developing a wealth of mathematical models that address different aspects of microbial growth in batch and continuous cultures. A number of phenomenological models have appeared in the literature over the ...

Because of the growing complexity and the reduced turn-around time of modern designs, IP based strategies are becoming more and more popular. Usually, IPs are characterized as stand alone units, neglecting their mutual interaction. Unfortunately, this oversimplification is not always realistic. As a result, the overall operation of the circuit may be considerably affected. In fact, with the shr...

Codeposition of two molecular species [copper phtalocyanine (CuPc, donor) and perfluoropentacene (PFP, acceptor)] on noble metal (111) surfaces leads to the self-assembly of an ordered mixed layer with a maximized donor-acceptor contact area. The main driving force behind this arrangement is assumed to be the intermolecular C-H ⋯ F hydrogen-bond interactions. Such interactions would be maximize...