Particulate matter (PM) exposure induces a pathological response from both the lungs and the cardiovascular system. PM is capable of both manifestation into the lung epithelium and entrance into the bloodstream. Therefore, PM has the capacity for both direct and lung-mediated indirect effects on the heart. In the present studies, we exposed isolated rat cardiomyocytes to ultrafine particulate m...

OBJECTIVE The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency funded five academic centers in 1999 to address the uncertainties in exposure, toxicity, and health effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) identified in the "Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter" of the National Research Council (NRC). The centers were structured to promote interdisciplinary approaches to address research pr...

We examined the hypothesis that ambient particulate matter with a diameter of <10 microm (PM(10))-induced lung inflammation is amplified by latent adenovirus infection. Inflammatory mediator expression in response to PM(10) exposure was compared between adenovirus E1A-transfected A549 alveolar epithelial cells and cells transfected with control plasmid. Messenger RNA was measured by the RNase p...

When dominated by local emissions, levels of ambient particulate matter (PM) can vary appreciably within a city. In Ireland, residential solid fuel burning is the main PM 2.5 emission source.

Poultry farming plays a key role in agricultural air emissions. Particulate matter (PM) level tends to be high broiler and cage-free layer houses, that may impair health welfare of animals their caretakers. To protect public welfare, the occupational exposure limit for PM10 PM2.5 (i.e., PM diameters are generally ≤10 2.5 μm, respectively) suggested not exceed 150 µg m−3 35 m−3, respectively, ba...

D. Dockery, A. Elder, M. Frampton, A. Peters, H.E. Wichmann, J. Koenig, J. Froines, and M. Lippmann Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts University of Rochester, Rochester, New York GSF National Research Centre for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany University of Washington, Seattle, Washington University of California, Los Angeles, California New York University Scho...

Received for publication May 23, 2001, and accepted for publication August 30, 2001. Abbreviations: CASAC, Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee; EPA, US Environmental Protection Agency; PM 10 , standard for coarse particulate matter; PM 2.5 , standard for fine particulate matter. 1 Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, MA. 2 Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, US Environmental Prote...

This paper describes the work and results of the second phase of research sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) initiated to study the relationship between traffic activity and ambient PM2.5 concentrations. The study, entitled “Estimating the Transportation Contribution to Particulate Matter Pollution”, had the objective of performing a correlation analyses on particulate matte...

porous media has interesting features in compared with free flame combustion due to the extended of the lean flammability limits and lower emissions. advanced new generation of internal combustion (ic) engines are expected to have far better emissions levels both gaseous and particulate matter, at the same time having far lower fuel consumption on a wide range of operating condition. these crit...