AIM To investigate whether expression of selected miRNAs obtained from fibrotic liver biopsies correlate with fibrosis stage. METHODS Altogether, 52 patients were enrolled in the study representing various etiologic backgrounds of fibrosis: 24 cases with chronic hepatitis infections (types B, C), 19 with autoimmune liver diseases (autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary scler...

Distal-less 4 (DLX4) is a member of the DLX family of homeobox genes. Recent reports have suggested that abnormal expression of DLX4 is present in several types of human tumors, including breast cancer, leukemia and colon cancer. However, the function and the mechanistic regulation of DLX4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are elusive. In the present study, a proportion of hepatocellular carcin...

Fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) catalyzes the transfer of α1,6-linked fucose to the first N-acetylglucosamine in N-linked glycans (core fucosylation). Increased core fucosylation has been reported during hepatocarcinogenesis, in both cell-associated and secreted proteins. Accordingly, increased core fucosylation of α-fetoprotein and α1-antitrypsin is currently used as a diagnostic and prognostic in...

V iruses are notorious for their ability to usurp cellular pathways for their own benefit, often by exploiting host factors in new and unusual ways. Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a causative agent of chronic liver disease, is no exception. As well as using host proteins and lipids, the virus is known to enlist an abundant liver-specific microRNA, miR-122, to aid in its replication (1). MicroRNAs are...

Abstract Early diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a major hurdle during drug development and postmarketing. The objective this study was evaluate the diagnostic performance promising biomarkers injury—glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), cytokeratin-18 (K18), caspase-cleaved K18 (ccK18), osteopontin (OPN), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), MCSF receptor (MCSFR),...

The regulatory role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in inflammation has been reported. However, its role in allergic inflammation has not been previously reported. SOCS1 mediated in vitro and in vivo allergic inflammation. Histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3), a mediator of allergic inflammation, interacted with SOCS1, and miR-384 inhibitor, a positive regulator of HDAC3, induced feature...

miRNAs (microRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. In higher eukaryotes, the tightly controlled expression of different miRNAs, each of which regulates multiple target mRNAs, is crucial for the maintenance of tissue type and the control of differentiation. miR-122 is a highly liver-specific miRNA that is important in hepatitis C virus infection, cholesterol metabolism and hepatocel...

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can potentially be used as sensitive and specific biomarkers for tissue injury. However, the usefulness of circulating miRNAs as safety biomarkers in nonclinical toxicological studies using nonhuman primates is debatable owing to the limited information on organ-specific miRNAs. Therefore, a systematic investigation was performed to address this point. We identifi...

Abstract Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a well-established treatment option for high- and intermediate-risk patients with severe symptomatic stenosis (AVS). However, specific role circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the improvement of cardiac function after TAVR has not yet been investigated. Herein, we profiled differential expression miRNAs extracellular vesicles (EV-miRNAs) a...

Background: Differentiation of transient ischaemic attack (TIA) from ischaemic stroke within the thrombolysis time window is difficult. Although TIA may be diagnosed within this window, the latest imaging technologies are complex and costly. Serum markers, which are non-invasive, rapid and economic, are used for diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases. Exosome-derived miRNA markers for TIA ...