Echo integration of biological organisms with a low target strength can be difficult because of the problem of setting suitable pre-integration thresholds, and this is particularly acute with higher frequencies, such as 120 or 200 kHz, which are often used in studies of euphausiids. One solution is to integrate data without any threshold and then remove background noise during post-processing. ...

LLE Review, Volume 70 51 The OMEGA laser has sustained approximately 1000 target shots over its first 18 months of operation without significant damage to the optics. Both rod and disk amplifiers are used in the OMEGA laser chain; after each amplification stage at 1ω the beams are spatially filtered to remove high-spatial-frequency noise in the beam and to ensure correct image relaying. Optical...

This study examines linkages between information and communication technology (ICT) dynamics, inequality poverty in order to establish critical masses of that should not be exceeded for ICT dynamics promote gender inclusive education 57 developing countries the period 2012–2016. Poverty is measured with headcount ratio at national lines (% population) while proxied by Gini coefficient, Atkinson...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Perfusion-weighted (PW) MRI is increasingly used to identify the tissue at risk. The adequate PW-MRI map and threshold remain controversial due to a considerable individual variation of values. By comparative positron emission tomography, we evaluated a simple MR-based and positron emission tomography-validated calibration of PW maps. METHODS PW-MRI and quantitative pos...

The bounding-box of a geometric shape in 2D is the rectangle with the smallest area in a given orientation (usually upright) that complete contains the shape. The best-fit bounding-box is the smallest bounding-box among all the possible orientations for the same shape. In the context of document image analysis, the shapes can be characters (individual components) or paragraphs (component groups...

BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidity and visceral hypersensitivity are common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about visceral sensitivity in IBS patients without psychiatric disorders. AIM We wanted to examine rectal visceral sensitivity in IBS patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders, IBS patients with phobic anxiety and healthy volunteers. METHODS ...

permanent magnet synchronous motors are efficient motors, which have widespread applications in electric industry due to their noticeable features. one of the interesting applications of such motors is in underwater vehicles. in these cases, reaching to minimum volume and high torque of the motor are the major concern. design optimization can enhance their merits considerably, thus reduce volum...

Mechanisms underlying the binocular combination of visual information were investigated within the context of a visual information acquisition theory proposed by Loftus, Busey, and their colleagues (e.g., as described by T.A. Busey & G. R. Loftus, 1994). A central assumption of the theory is that of a sensory threshold, which engenders an information loss such that information processing subseq...