1. Suleman A, Ikramullah Q, Ahmed F, Khan MY. Indications and complications of bronchoscopy: An experience of 100 patients in a tertiary care hospital. J Postgrad Med Inst 2008;22:210‐4. 2. B o k e r A M . B i l a t e r a l t e n s i o n p n e u m o t h o r a x a n d pneumoperitonium during laser pediatric bronchoscopy — Case report and literature review. Middle East J Anaesthesiol 2008;19:1069...

The thiopentone dose needed for abolition of eyelash reflex was studied in 505 Pakistani patients who were divided in three subgroups, i.e., age less than 16 years, between 16 and 60 years, and over 60 years. The minimum induction dose for thiopentone was then determined in the three groups and the effect of sex, ASA classification, premedication and advancing age were seen. The minimum inducti...

A composite system of four dosimeter materials, nalidixic acid (NDA), polysulphone, 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and phenothiazine, is presented for the passive measurement of the UV spectrum. The properties of the materials were investigated and found to be suitable to allow the materials to be applied in a system to evaluate the UV spectrum. The evaluation of the spectrum reduces by 70% the erro...

Editor—In their response 1 to my criticisms 2 of their paper 3 Sell and colleagues accept some of my points, and refute others. On most of the latter we will simply have to agree to differ, but, not surprisingly , I cannot accept their quoting my own review 4 in support of their belief that the solutions which they used were isobaric! Their quote from the article ('Given the normal variation [o...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the lowest effective bolus dose of oxytocin to produce adequate uterine tone (UT) during elective Caesarean delivery (CD). METHODS Seventy-five pregnant patients undergoing elective CD under spinal anaesthesia were randomized to receive oxytocin (0.5, 1, 3, 5 units) or placebo. UT was assessed by a blinded obstetrician as either adequate or in...

The probability of HIV-1 transmission in a small blood exposure such as a needlestick injury or an unsafe medical injection has been estimated indirectly. Now that several comparable laboratory simulations have provided data on inoculum volumes for such exposures, the epidemiological evidence supporting these estimates can be validated and qualified using dosimetry. This review of data on infec...

background: to evaluate the dosimetric difference between conventional and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3d-crt) using 6 and 18 mv x-ray photons. materials and methods: computed tomography scans of 26 pelvic patients were acquired and transferred to the 3d treatment planning system. for each patient, 8 conventional plans (3, 4, 5 and 6 fields) and one 3d-crt plan were prepared using...

background: the exposure of human being to ionize radiation from natural sources is a continuing, inescapable feature of life on earth. direct measurement of absorbed dose rates in air has been carried out in many countries of the world during the last few decades. such investigations can be useful for assessment of public dose rates, the performance of epidemiological studies, and keeping refe...