original article   one type of electromagnetic fields, based on frequency range, is extremely low frequency (elf) fields. there are lots of reports about measuring elf-magnetic field (mf) in substations, power plants, cities and etc. this study aimed to compare the difference between measurement of three-axis and single-axis probe mf meters. elf-mf was measured by tes-1394 mf tester (three-axis...

Now-a-days Smart Grid is becoming a key element of energy strategies. Several definitions are coming in different literature but the overall meaning of these different definitions are same. Smart Grid is an intelligent monitoring, control and self healing of an electrical system with the help of information (data) communication in between the end user or generating station and control room. Thi...

Reliable measurements of ball mill load parameters and reorganization of the operating statuses are the key factors for saving energy and optimization control. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and partial least squares (PLS) are used to analyze shell vibration signal and monitor mill load parameters of ball mill. The shell vibration signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (...

A customer who places a tentative order at a steel mill customarily receives a due-date quotation, namely the date by which the mill says that it will ship the order. The steel mill wants the due date to be early enough so that the customer won’t balk (withdraw the order), but late enough so that the probability of tardiness is low. This note obtains expressions for the tardiness probability at...

Three species of fish, caught at various distances from a kraft pulp ai:d paper mill effluent discharge in Nipigon Bay, were analyzed for organic contaminants. Fishes from all sites contained residues of polychlorinated biphenyls and DDE. Most samples were also contaminated with hexachlorobenzene and several samples contained phthalic acid esters. From sampling sites close to the mill discharge...

The present study aims to develop a dynamical model of cement milling process as well as an autoregressive model of the errors of the previous one. Modeling is based exclusively on long term industrial data sets of five cement mills. Not only the dynamics of each mill is estimated but also separate dynamical parameters are computed for each cement type processed in the same mill. Detailed infor...

The quality of steel strip produced in a wide strip rolling mill depends heavily on the careful selection of initial ground work roll profiles for each of the mill stands in the finishing train. In the past, these profiles were determined by human experts, based on their knowledge and experience. In this research, a Self-Organising Migration Algorithm (SOMA), a heuristic optimisation algorithm,...

The quality of steel strip produced in a wide strip rolling mill depends heavily on the careful selection of initial ground work roll profiles for each of the mill stands in the finishing train. In the past, these profiles were determined by human experts, based on their knowledge and experience. In this research, a Self-Organising Migration Algorithm (SOMA), a heuristic optimisation algorithm,...

Ahmedabad, India’s sixth largest city, saw widespread religious violence in 2002. Using detailed neighborhood level data we show that riot incidence is positively predicted by a neighborhood’s proximity to the, by now largely derelict, textile mills. Mill neighborhoods also exhibit higher levels of religious integration, a fact we trace to the historical religious heterogeneity in the mill work...

The purpose of the hot rolling mill is to make a preheated steel block thinner and longer, see Figure 1. This is done by pulling the plate through two parallel rolls mounted in the rolling mill. Due to the large forces obtained in hot rolling, the elastic de ection of the rolling mill is of the same order of magnitude as the plate thickness. Variations in the rolling force caused by variations ...