The Liber uricrisiarum in Wellcome MS 225 (hereafter, MS 225), a uroscopic treatise in Middle English that cites the De urinis by Isaac Judaeus as its principal source, ' exemplifies the sort of vernacular medical literature produced in abundance in late fourteenthand early fifteenth-century England that relies heavily on learned medical literature for its content.' Especially striking in the L...

This study is an investigation of the use of multimedia components such as visual text, spoken text, and graphics in a Web-based self-instruction program to increase learners’ English vocabulary learning at Myungin Middle School in Seoul, South Korea. A total of 172 middle school students (14 years of age) in five classes participated in the study. Each individual was required to complete sever...

Both Middle English and Old French had a syntactic property called verb-second or V2 that disappeared. This paper describes a simulation being developed to shed light on the question of why V2 is stable in some languages, but not others. The simulation, based on a Markov chain, uses fuzzy grammars where speakers can use an arbitrary mixture of idealized grammars. Thus, it can mimic the variable...

Elitism has been an issue in Canadian French immersion since its inception. This study examines how two racially diverse Ontarian school boards and Ontario policy, curricula, other related documents construct support elite student within the program. The who emerged from is a White, middle-class, English, established resident, mirroring current demographics of A middle-class bias due to assumed...

Recent work (Kroch and Taylor (1997) (henceforth K&T (1997)); Kroch, Taylor and Ringe (1997)) (henceforth KTR (1997)) has shown that the two dialects of Middle English differed in the way they implemented the verb second (V2) constraint. In the south, V2 was observed to be of the IP-V2 type (the type found in modern Yiddish and Icelandic) whereas in the north, it was of the CP-V2 type (the type...

Conductive hearing loss due to middle ear masses is uncommon and usually diagnosed after biopsy. We present a case of a permanent facial palsy occurred following an uneventful biopsy during an exploratory tympanotomy in a salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear. Most salivary gland choristomas have been found in the head and neck. Its location in the ear is extremely rare, and thus we prese...

This study investigates the neural substrates underlying the perception of two sentence-level prosodic phenomena in Mandarin Chinese: contrastive stress (initial vs. final emphasis position) and intonation (declarative vs. interrogative modality). In an fMRI experiment, Chinese and English listeners were asked to selectively attend to either stress or intonation in paired 3-word sentences, and ...

Introduction There has long been an intuition that the subject position is deeply relevant to information structural concerns cross-linguistically, particularly because they frequently appear at the left edge of a clause, which is thought to be associated with given/topical information (cf. Vallduvi 1992). This raises interesting questions about the role of the passive construction in the disco...