A balanced optical-microwave phase detector for the extraction of low-jitter, high-power, and drift-free microwave signals from optical pulse trains is presented. The phase detection is based on electro-optic sampling with a differentially biased Sagnac loop. Because the timing information is transferred in the optical domain, the regenerated microwave signal is robust against drifts and photod...

Traditional hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation extraction (SD), organic solvent extraction (SE), and microwave assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) techniques were compared and evaluated for their effectiveness in the isolation of essential oil of Melissa officinalis from Algeria. The microwave assisted hydrodistillation technique was optimized in terms of both delivered power and time dur...

A modified genetic algorithm is presented for parameter extraction of small signal equivalent of microwave power GaAs MESFET. A new approach of genetic algorithm-based model in the paper is applied to determine the equivalent circuit elements of GaAs MESFET directly from measured S-parameters biased in the active region. The results of calculation show that the method presented is suitable for ...

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in blood by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may facilitate early diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in different groups of patients. We evaluated this approach in 42 patients presenting with ocular or psychotic diseases by comparing the sensitivity and specificity of PCR after heat treatment using a microwave oven with a standard genomic DNA extraction method...

Drill mud is a fluid which is used in oil extraction industries in order to cool and lubricate the drill bit. Due to containing numerous toxic components, it is considered as a hazardous waste which must be treated before discharging to the environment. Current separation techniques for drill cutting treatment can be categorized into three main categories of physical (dewatering), physiochemica...

This paper aims to provide a review of the analytical extraction techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. The extraction technologies described here include Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic and mechanical agitation, accelerated solvent extraction, supercritical and subcritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, solid phase extraction and microextraction, ther...

We present neural inverse space mapping (NISM) optimization for electromagnetics-based design of microwave structures. The inverse of the mapping from the fine to the coarse model parameter spaces is exploited for the first time in a space mapping algorithm. NISM optimization does not require up-front EM simulations, multipoint parameter extraction, or frequency mapping. It employs a simple sta...

The peel of Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) contains high levels of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids which possess significant antioxidant capacities. However, the peel of Gac is regarded as a waste from the production of carotenoid-rich oil from Gac fruit. In this study, carotenoids of Gac peel were extracted by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assist...

The presence of alkali cation adductions of oligonucleotides commonly deteriorates matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectra. Thus, desalting is required for oligonucleotide samples prior to MALDI MS analysis in order to prevent the mass spectra from developing poor quality. In this paper, we demonstrate a new approach to extract traces of oligonucleotides from aqueous so...