Power is rapidly becoming the primary design constrain for systems ranging from server computers to handhelds. In this paper we study microarchitecture-level power modeling and management with temperature and voltage scaling. We develop an accurate temperature-dependent leakage power model and efficient temperature calculation, and show that leakage energy and total energy can be different by u...

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays a determinant role in regulating bone metabolism, but the effect of OPG on bone microarchitecture needs to be further elucidated. We attempted to construct pCI-hOPGp-mOPG vector containing human OPG promoter and FLAG tag and to microinject vector into fertilized zygotes from C57BL/6J × CBA mice to prepare transgenic mice. The OPG transgenic positive mice were identif...

Current software-based microarchitecture simulators are many orders of magnitude slower than the hardware they simulate. Hence, most microarchitecture design studies draw their conclusions from drastically truncated benchmark simulations that are often inaccurate and misleading. This paper presents the Sampling Microarchitecture Simulation (SMARTS) framework as an approach to enable fast and ac...

Building an optimizing compiler is a difficult and time consuming task which must be repeated for each generation of a microprocessor. As the underlying microarchitecture changes from one generation to the next, the compiler must be retuned to optimize specifically for that new system. It may take several releases of the compiler to effectively exploit a processor’s performance potential, by wh...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration with rest days on bone quality at multiple levels. METHODS Forty-nine three-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups, namely, vibrational loading for X day followed by X day rest (VLXR, X = 1, 3, 5, 7), vibrational loading every day (VLNR), tail suspension (SPD), and base...

Aims Renal Osteodystrophy (ROD) is a systemic disorder that develops early with loss of kidney functions and is manifested by abnormalities in bone metabolism, mineralization and volume. Phosphate binders are a major constituent in chronic kidney disease management. Previous Aluminum and calcium containing phosphate binders were thought to be of detrimental effect on bone histology. The aim of ...

Bone has the ability to adapt its shape and size in response to mechanical loads via a process known as modelling in which bones are shaped or reshaped by the independent action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Remodelling is a process that maintains mechanical integrity of the skeleton, allowing it to selectively repair and replace damaged bone. During adulthood, bone remodelling is the dominan...

We discuss how time tags can be used for the enforcement of program dependencies. Time tags can serve as the basic ordering enforcement mechanism when large numbers of instructions are executing concurrently. Proposed and future microarchitectures can have hundreds or several hundreds of instructions in flight simultaneously and using standard reservation tags, physical register addresses, and ...