In software development process, the requirements are not stable and keep on changing according to the customers. In such dynamic situations the developers are required to use dynamic approaches for software development. The agile methodology provides dynamic methods such as extreme programming, scrum, feature driven approach and dynamic system development method. Studies reveals agile methods ...

This paper describes (one person's view of) how the Vienna Development Method grew out of the earlier work on the Vienna De nition Language. Both of these activities were undertaken at the IBM Laboratory Vienna during the 1960s and 70s.

Reworking in developing software exists widely in IT project management. But the current estimating methods on project duration cannot deal well with this problem. In this paper, some key concepts, such as adjusted activity, adjusted GERT network, expected project duration, expected critical path, are firstly defined. Then authors study estimating method on project duration for different rework...

A Various Aspects of RSL This part of the document illustrates various possible styles of speciications that can be constructed using RSL. A well known example, the speciication of a stack, is used for this purpose.

The formation of software development project teams is carried out, conventionally, in an empiric manner; however, in this process, multiple factors should be considered. In literature, the works where this process is modeled are scarce, and most do not consider aspects linked to the formation of the team as a whole. In this paper, a group of patterns that contribute to the formation of softwar...

This paper discusses how speciication analysis and veriication techniques from VDM could be transferred to Z. It starts by comparing Z and VDM in terms of the mathematical and speciication notations they use. It explains the VDM approach to reasoning about speciications, as supported by the mural tool-set, and compares VDM's Logic of Partial Functions with the classical approach. Finally , it o...

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More specifically, a decomposition algorithm that produces several disjoint paths, the union of which results in the original graph has been developed and VDM specification of the process is described. The advantage of specifying the algorithm in VDM is to introduce rigour and to eliminate inconsistencies and ambiguity, facilitating code development for the purpose of automated implementation o...

The primary concepts on which our spatial knowledge is based must have its origin in early individual development. One of these concepts is the notion of an object. Characteristic of the development of this concept is the so-called A-not-B-error (Piaget 1937). The error occurs in 6 to 8 months old infants that persist in reaching for location A, where an object was hidden several times, even th...