vidual chemical element between different chemical species or groups of species [1]. In natural aquatic systems it reflects the chemical complexity of these media. Substantial progress has been made over recent years in chemical speciation and in the understanding of metal interactions with aquatic organisms, which are crucial issues owing to their intimate relationships with bioavailability an...

Previous studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) can serve as a regulator/disrupter of metal-metabolizing systems in cells and, indeed, this function may represent an important physiological and/or pathophysiological role for NO. In order to address possible mechanisms of this aspect of NO biology, the effect of NO on copper metabolism and toxicity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was exam...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate cell toxicity due to ion release caused by galvanic corrosion as a result of contact between base metal and titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was hypothesized that Nickel (Ni)-Chromium (Cr) alloys with different compositions possess different corrosion resistances when contacted with titanium abutment, and therefore in this study, specimens (...

Cyclic peptidomimetic compounds have been investigated utilizing ab initio Hartree Fock molecular orbital calculations. Prospective use of these ionophores as curative drugs for Alzheimer's disease has been investigated by considering their metal toxicity removal efficiency. A (2,4,2,4) system that is, ((gly-et)-(ala-gly-gly-et))2 with CH2NH backbone is predicted to undergo low conformational r...

The toxicity of many metals is impacted by environmental pH, through both competition and complexation by hydroxide and carbonate ions. To establish safe environmental regulation it is important to properly define the relationship between pH and metal toxicity, a process that involves manipulating the pH of test water in the lab. The current study compares the effects of the three most common p...

Harmful effects of contaminants on the ecosystem and humans cannot be assessed by standard chemical analyses of environmental samples, therefore toxicity tests using live organisms or cells represent a vital part of environmental monitoring. Biological methods based on microorganisms as test-species, have already successfully been applied to environmental toxicity/genotoxicity assessment. The e...

Heavy metal toxicity has proven to be a major threat and there are several health risks associated with it. The toxic effects of these metals, even though they do not have any biological role, remain present in some or the other form harmful for the human body and its proper functioning. They sometimes act as a pseudo element of the body while at certain times they may even interfere with metab...

Transition metal toxicity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of numerous human disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Lysosomes have emerged as important factors in transition metal toxicity because they handle transition metals via endocytosis, autophagy, absorption from the cytoplasm and exocytosis. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) regulates lysosomal biogenesis and the expres...

Bacillus subtilis possesses a secondary transporter CitM that is specific for the complex of citrate and Mg but is also capable of transporting citrate in complex with the heavy metal ions Zn, Ni and Co. We report on the impact of CitM activity on the toxicity of the heavy metals Zn, Ni and Co + in B. subtilis. In a CitM deletion mutant or under conditions when CitM is not expressed, the toxic ...

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is critically important in the chemistry of freshwater. It complexes heavy metals, making them less bioavailable to aquatic organisms, and absorbs and attenuates UVB radiation, undergoing degradation and alteration in the process. This study examined changes in metal toxicity to the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in high- and low-DOC natural...