Winegrowers and winemakers have always been a special group of producers not only because of their product that can be manipulated from rootstock all the way to final bottling, but also because of their very special language. Winegrowers speak of phylloxera, Pierce's Disease, Botrytis cinerea, canopy management, veraison, anthocyanins and tannins until the average person looks askance at the sp...

Although chemical agents were not employed as offensive weapons during the past war, nevertheless it was imperative to pursue vigorously investigations on the treatment of chemical warfare casualties. Inasmuch as a number of chemical warfare agents contain arsenic, attention was focused on the synthesis of compounds capable of antagonizing the local and systemic effects of arsenical vesicants. ...

The complete loss of enzymic activity on reaction with alkylating agents, aromatic nitro compounds, or aliphatic mercaptans indicates the importance of sulfhydryl groups for catalysis. Analyses during the course of inactivation with any of these reagents revealed the loss of one of the two -SH groups in the rhodanese monomer when inactivation was complete. Amino acid analysis of iodoacetate-ina...

Sir: Neocarzinostatin (NCS) chromophore was obtained as a separable component from polypeptide antitumor antibiotic NCS by us1,2) and GOLDBERG et al.3,4), independently. This chromophore, which was demonstrated to have biological activities such as growth inhibition of bacterial and tumor cells1), inhibition of DNA synthesis in cultured mammalian cells, strand scission of DNA in vitro and in vi...

Induction of phase 2 enzymes and elevations of glutathione are major and sufficient strategies for protecting mammals and their cells against the toxic and carcinogenic effects of electrophiles and reactive forms of oxygen. Inducers belong to nine chemical classes and have few common properties except for their ability to modify sulfhydryl groups by oxidation, reduction, or alkylation. Much evi...

/3-Ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthetase catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis in Escherichia coli. The homogeneous enzyme reacts with hexanoylCoA to form hexanoyl-enzyme which was isolated and characterized. Hexanoyl-enzyme contains 2 mol of hexanoate/mol of enzyme (molecular weight 66,000); it is labile at alkaline pH, and it reacts with neutral hydroxylamine to...

Twin pairs and their siblings rated the intensity of the odorants amyl acetate, androstenone, eugenol, Galaxolide, mercaptans, and rose (N = 1573). Heritability was established for ratings of androstenone (h (2) = 0.30) and Galaxolide (h(2) = 0.34) but not for the other odorants. Genome-wide association analysis using 2.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms indicated that the most signific...

In a systematic search for effectors of glutathione peroxidase, a number of mercaptocarboxylic acids and tertiary mercaptans were found to be strong and specific inhibitors of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Assessment of various models was made by linear and nonlinear least squares fitting techniques. The results support the formation of reversible enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The active sit...