The flexibility of membrane contactors (MCs) is highlighted for a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant. MCs are applied as pre-treatment the oxygen removal and pH reduction seawater, also post-treatment increase RO permeate brine volume. A decrease seawater down to neutral values, needed when coagulation used in line RO, together with an up 7.58, matching target produced water, can be obtain...

Membrane distillation is a promising technology to desalinate hypersaline produced waters. However, the organic content can foul and wet membrane, while some fractions may pass into distillate impair its quality. In this study, applicability of traditional Fenton process was investigated preliminarily optimized as pre-treatment synthetic water for following step membrane distillation. The also ...

A first attempt was made to prepare cyclic olefin polymer/copolymer (COP/COC) flat-sheet porous membranes by the well-known non-solvent induced phase separation method. In this study, two solvents (chloroform and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene), different additives (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP, polyethylene glycol, PEG400, oxide, PEO, Sorbitan monooleate, Span 80) coagulants (acetone 70/30 wt% acetone/wa...

Brines produced by desalination processes such as reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis reversal (EDR) and ion-exchange (IX) holds pollution potential for the water environment if not properly handled. These brines contain a high water content (95–98%) and chemicals that could possibly be recovered for reuse. Therefore, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) which has the potential for wat...

The latest developments and applications of hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) were discussed in this recent published book. Membrane contactor provides gas–liquid or liquid–liquid contact without dispersion one phase another, which gives a higher mass transfer coefficient compared to the conventional contactors. Using microporous hydrophobic hydrophilic membrane, fluids is immobilized po...

This study aims to investigate the applicability of vacuum membrane distillation for concentrating aqueous lithium bromide solution, and to analyze the feasibility of applying vacuum membrane distillation process to the absorption refrigeration system. Hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was adopted as the membrane material, and was made into hollow fiber membrane module. Commercial aque...

Osmotically-driven membrane processes, including forward osmosis (FO) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), are emerging technologies that have come under renewed interest and subjected to numerous investigations in recent years. In FO, water is extracted from a feed solution utilizing the high osmotic pressure of a concentrated draw solution (DS) that flows on the opposite side of an FO membran...

Electrospun membranes are gaining interest for use in membrane distillation (MD) due to their high porosity and interconnected pore structure; however, they are still susceptible to wetting during MD operation because of their relatively low liquid entry pressure (LEP). In this study, post-treatment had been applied to improve the LEP, as well as its permeation and salt rejection efficiency. Th...

This study proposes using membrane distillation (MD) as an alternative to the conventional multi-stage flushing (MSF) process to concentrate a semi-product of organic fertilizer. By applying a unique asymmetric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, which was specifically designed for MD applications using a nonsolvent thermally induced phase separation (NTIPS) method, the direct contact memb...

Expolitation of coalbed methane (CBM) involves production of a massive amount saline water that needs to be properly managed for environmental protection. In this study, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was utilized for treatment of CBM-produced water to remove saline components in the water. Simulated CBM waters containing varying concentrations of NaCl (1, 20, and 500 mM) and NaHCO...