In this paper, the silicon-containing sulfonated polystyrene/acrylate–ionic liquid (Si-SPS/A–IL)hybrid membranes was prepared to obtain the proton exchange membrane (PEM) materials withhigh methanol barrier and good selectivity. The Si-SPS/A–IL hybrid membranes characterized asthe function of IL to evaluate their potential as PEMs in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).Fourdifferent Hybrid mater...

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are attracting significant interest for pervaporation and gas separation applications. To better comprehend the impact of filler particles within polymer matrices, the species permeation mass transport was theoretically studied by numerical simulation using finite differences. The Fick’s second law of diffusion was solved for a three-dimensional MMM to obtain the c...

Background: Immobilization is an approach in industry to improve stability and reusability of urease. The efficiency of this technique depends on the type of membrane and the method of stabilization. Methods: The PEI-modified egg shell membrane was used to immobilize urease by absorption and glutaraldehyde cross-linking methods. The membranes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared sp...

the process environment are needed in many emerging energy and environment technologies, ranging from membranes for gas separation (e.g., carbon capture), water purification (e.g., desalination), to clean energy production (e.g., fuel cell). In the Guo group at the University of Notre Dame, we are focused on molecularly engineering polymer and polymer-based membranes that are both structurally ...

The purpose of this review is to highlight the versatility of membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) in environmental applications, summarize the measurements of environmental volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accomplished using MIMS, present developments in the detection of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and forecast possible future directions of MIMS in environmental applicat...

The mechanism of operation of a new thruster concept that utilizes solid-state ionic membranes to convert molecules into ions and transmit them to a surface from which they can be extracted into energetic beamlets thereby producing thrust is described. Results of recent experiments are used to estimate the performance of the thruster and the masses of various components required for it to perfo...

The main purpose of this article is to study fabrication methods and applications of aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes as a hydraulic microstructure in treatment processes. This paper emphasizes the use of CNTs as membrane in separation processes like water and wastewater treatment because of their exclusive advantages. Their most important characteristics are high mechanical strength aga...

The present paper explores the impact of an on-board hydrogen harvesting system (fuel reformer) on the overall efficiency of a fuel-cell powered vehicle. Various methods of hydrogen production for automotive applications have been discussed first. As the hydrogen production is one of the major challenges for application of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, especially in vehicular indus...

Design and fabrication of three-dimensionally structured, gold membranes containing hexagonally close-packed microcavities with nanopores in the base, are described. Our aim is to create a nanoporous structure with localized enhancement of the fluorescence or Raman scattering at, and in the nanopore when excited with light of approximately 600 nm, with a view to provide sensitive detection of b...