Abstract Planting trees along urban streets is one of the most important strategies to improve thermal environment. However, net impacts street on human comfort and physiological parameters are still less clear. On three similar east–west orientated with different degrees tree cover—low (13%), medium (35%), high (75%), microclimatic indices for six male students were simultaneously measured clo...

AIM This in vitro study evaluated the effect of calcium hydroxide on pH changes of the external medium after intracoronal bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 extracted human premolars were prepared and filled with gutta-percha and endodontic sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups according to the bleaching agents employed: (a) Sterile cotton pellet with distilled ...

A large body of data from human and animal studies using psychological, recording, imaging, and lesion techniques indicates that recognition memory involves at least two separable processes: familiarity discrimination and recollection. Familiarity discrimination for individual visual stimuli seems to be effected by a system centred on the perirhinal cortex of the temporal lobe. The fundamental ...

Spatial navigation and memory depend on the neural coding of an organism's location. Fine-grained coding of location is thought to depend on the hippocampus. Likewise, animals benefit from knowledge parsing their environment into larger spatial segments, which are relevant for task performance. Here we investigate how such knowledge may be coded, and whether this occurs in structures in the tem...

Despite a wealth of information provided by neuroimaging research, the neural basis of familiar face recognition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, we isolated the discriminative neural responses to unfamiliar and familiar faces by slowly increasing visual information (i.e., high-spatial frequencies) to progressively reveal faces of unfamiliar or personally familiar individuals. Activatio...

Previous research conducted in monkeys and rats has established that the perirhinal cortex is critically involved in object- or stimulus-recognition memory, whereas other research suggests this region may contribute to memory for object discriminations. These findings do not rule out the possibility that the perirhinal cortex plays a more general role in memory. The present experiment addressed...

Results from imaging and lesion studies of item recognition memory have suggested that the hippocampus supports memory for the arbitrary associations that form the basis of episodic recollection, whereas the perirhinal cortex (PRc) supports familiarity for individual items. This view has been challenged, however, by findings showing that PRc may contribute to associative recognition, a task tho...

The perirhinal cortex (PRh) has a well-established role in object recognition memory. More recent studies suggest that PRh is also important for two-choice visual discrimination tasks. Specifically, it has been suggested that PRh contains conjunctive representations that help resolve feature ambiguity, which occurs when a task cannot easily be solved on the basis of features alone. However, no ...

Findings from recent tract-tracing studies examining the cortical and subcortical connectivity of the medial temporal lobe showed that the pattern of connections of areas TH and TF of the parahippocampal cortex were consistent with previous boundary demarcations of this region. In contrast, the connections of the perirhinal cortex (areas 35 and 36) indicated that the border of area 36 should be...

This experiment examined the effects of perirhinal cortex (PeRh) lesions on rats' retrograde memory for object-discriminations and retrograde object recognition. Rats learned one discrimination problem or five concurrent discrimination problems 4 weeks before surgery, and a new problem or five new problems during the week preceding surgery. Each rat was also familiarized with a sample object in...