Kobie and colleagues from the University of Rochester provide a detailed analysis of the infl uence of infl am ma-tion and TNF blockade on the humoral immune response to seasonal trivalent infl uenza vaccines [1]. Th eir manuscript sheds light on the role of TNF in B and plasma cell function, and gives a partial answer to the important clinical questions of how to handle vaccinations of patient...

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Background Diabetes has been defi ned on the basis of diff erent biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the eff ect of diff erent diagnostic defi nitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classifi cation of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having...

Two recent articles and the accompanying editorial in CHEST (May 2015) 1 3 correctly point out that 30-day readmissions aft er COPD are usually not for COPD exacerbations and that the eff ect of currently identifi ed interventions may not vary from control groups. Risk predictors for 30-day readmissions aft er COPD may depend on the principal discharge diagnosis of the readmission, since the ma...

The complexity and value-laden nature of sustainable development as shown in the previous sections provide examples of wicked problems. Creating solutions to these require new modes of thinking and new ways of working. Here we refl ect on some of the theoretical insights and how these play out in practice. Much of this is in its infancy and the pathways to maturity will take time and considerab...

Plant resistance and predation have strong independent and interacting eff ects on herbivore survival, behavior, and patterns of herbivory. Historically, research has emphasized variation in the consumption of herbivores by enemies. Recent work, however, demonstrates that predators also elicit important changes in the traits of their prey, but we do not know how this is infl uenced by plant qua...

Oleanolic acid (OA) has a wide variety of bioactivities such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity and is used for medicinal purposes in many Asian countries. In the present study, the effect of OA on induction of autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and SMC7721 cells and the related mechanisms were investigated. MTT assay showed that OA significantly inhi...

A little over a year ago, The Lancet published a Series of fi ve articles on Global Mental Health that documented the current evidence for global mental health, with a focus on low-income and middle-income countries. The fi nal paper in the Series made a call to scale up evidence-based packages of services for people with mental disorders with a commitment to the protection of human rights. The...

The behavior of methacrylic copolymers with oligoethylene glycol and amine groups in aqueous solutions has been studied. eff ect the composition alkoxyoligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl] methacrylamide on their solubility media, aggregation properties surface activity at water-oil phase boundary was demonstrated. presence thermo- pH-responsive properties, character...

It has now been established that the intestinal microbiota (CM) is one of 11 links in pathogenesis type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Th e fact when composition BM disrupted and concentration its active metabolites changes, processes synthesis secretion incretin hormones are disrupted, homeostasis carbohydrates fats body central regulation appetite change, chronic infl ammation insulin resistance ...