Persons with mental illnesses such as schizophrenia may internalize mental illness stigma and experience diminished self-esteem and self-efficacy. In this article, we describe a model of self-stigma and examine a hierarchy of mediational processes within the model. Seventy-one individuals with serious mental illness were recruited from a community support program at an outpatient psychiatry dep...

Character-based video games do more than allow one to practice various kinds of behaviors in a virtual environment; they allow one to practice being a different kind of person. As such, we propose that games can alter self-perceptions of personal characteristics, attitudes, and values with broad consequences for behavior. In a multiwave, longitudinal study of adolescents, we examined the extent...

BACKGROUND Disturbed sleep has been associated with increased insulin resistance and elevated inflammation. Although there is growing body of evidence that activation of inflammatory pathways plays a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance, the mediational model whereby sleep disturbances influence inflammation that drives insulin resistance has not been fully assessed in general ...

Religiousness is reliably associated with lower substance use, but little research has examined whether self-control helps explain why religiousness predicts lower substance use. Building on prior theoretical work, our studies suggest that self-control mediates the relationship between religiousness and a variety of substance-use behaviors. Study 1 showed that daily prayer predicted lower alcoh...

Background. A randomized trial suggests that meditation and exercise may prevent acute respiratory infection (ARI). This paper explores potential mediating mechanisms. Methods. Community-recruited adults were randomly assigned to three nonblinded arms: 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (N = 51), moderate-intensity exercise (N = 51), or wait-list control (N = 52). Primary outcomes were A...

OBJECTIVES The study of causal processes using a longitudinal design is often hampered by two methodological problems. First, the lagged effects of a predictor variable on an outcome variable tend to be weak after control for a previous measure of this outcome. One approach that is advocated when effects are weak is to increase the extremeness of the study groups; this step often increases the ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role emotion-focused coping on association between perceived stress and emotional eating. A total 711 university students recruited from two universities in Turkey completed self-reported questionnaires Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Coping Styles Inventory (CSI), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ—R21), a demographic information fo...

OBJECTIVE To examine a model addressing the roles of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease burden, mood disturbance, and disability as determinants of impairments in role functioning. METHODS In a cross-sectional design, 103 RA patients recruited from the community to participate in a clinical trial completed assessments of self-assessed disease burden (total joint pain and disease activity), moo...

The purpose of this study was to tes a mediational model of associations between parental overprotectiveness (OP), behavioral autonomy. and psychosocial adjustment in 68 families with 8- and 9-year-old preadolescents with spipa bifida and a demographically matched sample of 68 families with able-bodied children. Measures included questionnaire and observational assessments of parental OP; paren...

Does the ease of association of an instrumental movement with a verbal stimulus depend upon the compatibility of the movement with the meaning of that verbal stimulus? Such a relation would appear to follow from the two-stage mediational model described by Osgood (1953). He assumes that in the development of meanings of signs, either perceptual or verbal, the sign-stimuli become associated with...