OBJECTIVE Primary cysts constitute 25% of all masses in the mediastinum. Because radiological investigations are often inconclusive, many adults require mediastinoscopy, thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery, or computed tomography-guided transbronchial, transesophageal, or transcutaneous aspiration to confirm the cystic nature of these lesions. Minimally invasive procedures fail when th...

Background/Introduction Lung cancer management is defined by stage and accurate pre-surgical staging is fundamental. The PET scan has become central to this process, but the technology has imperfect sensitivity and specificity. In determining nodal disease in early adenocarcinoma there appears to be a particular dilemma. The different subtypes of adenocarcinoma as per IASLC/ATS/ERS histopatholo...

Abstract Background We improved Inflatable Single-Incision Mediastinoscopy esophagectomy to implement the simultaneous laparoscopic with inflatablesingle-Incision mediastinoscope and lymphadenectomy along bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerves under mediastinoscopy through a single left-neck incision formed concept of modular treatment inflatable mediastinoscopic based on fascial anatomy which we...