The mechanical characteristics of apples are crucial to the mechanization apple production. In this study, Fuji with largest crop yield were studied by testing tensile strength, compression shear bending hardness, friction coefficient, and microstructure. obtained minimum values elastic modulus, compressive strength 5.0 ± 0.52, 2.2 0.15, 0.45 0.02, 0.062, 2.4 0.21 MPa, respectively, all located...

i ntroduction: nano-hydroxyapatite (nha) has been used for regeneration of osseous defects. calcium-enriched mixture (cem) cement is also used for various dental treatments. this trial compared the efficacy of nha and cem cement for direct pulp capping (dpc) of sound primary teeth. methods and materials: in this randomized clinical trial with split-mouth design, after attaining informed consent...

The optical and mechanical properties of paper sheets were compared following treatment with biopolymers using two different methods, i.e., internal functionalization surface modification. Industrial chemi-mechanical pulp was provided, groups handsheets made. first group sheet samples prepared incorporated chitosan in a mixed-in-pulp slurry (at three levels, 0%, 1%, 2%), the second group, untre...

upgrading recycled fiber properties has been a constant concern in pulp and paper industry. in this respect many researches has been applied. the present paper has been considered the effect of amylase enzyme in pulping stage of old corrugated container (occ). also, pre-soaking of occ (first step of pre-soaking for 6 hours in 3% consistency in different ph(s) and second step of pre-soaking at 6...

Two approaches for creating a new all-cellulose composite material have been studied: the biosynthesis of compartmentalised bacterial cellulose fibril aggregates and the compression moulding of commercial chemical wood pulps processed with only water. The objective was to study the structural changes during processing and the complexity of relating the mechanical properties of the final biocomp...

Thermoplastic composite materials containing wood fibers are gaining increasing interest in the manufacturing industry. One approach is to use nano- or micro-size cellulosic fibrils as additives and to improve the mechanical properties obtainable with only small fibril loadings by exploiting the high aspect ratio and surface area of nanocellulose. In this study, we used four different wood cell...