With the significant development of black-box machine learning algorithms, particularly deep neural networks, practical demand for reliability assessment is rapidly increasing. On basis concept that “Bayesian knows what it does not know,” uncertainty network outputs has been investigated as a measure classification and regression tasks. By considering an embedding task task, several existing st...

Measuring uncertainty is a promising technique for detecting adversarial examples, crafted inputs on which the model predicts an incorrect class with high confidence. But many measures of uncertainty exist, including predictive entropy and mutual information, each capturing different types of uncertainty. We study these measures, and shed light on why mutual information seems to be effective at...

Ranking methods, similarity measures and uncertainty measures are very important concepts for interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs). So far, there is only one ranking method for such sets, whereas there are many similarity and uncertainty measures. A new ranking method and a new similarity measure for IT2 FSs are proposed in this paper. All these ranking methods, similarity measures and uncertai...

In this paper, concepts of information entropy and information granulation-based uncertainty measures are introduced in incomplete information/decision systems, and based on maximal consistent block technique, some variants of information entropy and information granulation are presented to measure the discernibility ability of an incomplete information system. Then, some important properties o...

In this paper, the graph theory is used to quantify the uncertainty generated in performance measures during the process of performance measurement. A graph is developed considering all the sources of uncertainty present in this process and their relationship. The permanent function of the matrix associated with the graph is used as the basis for determining an uncertainty index.

Many empirical studies have demonstrated large discrepancies between willingness to accept (WTA) and willingness to pay (WTP) measures. This paper examines the extent to which uncertainty about the environmental quality improvement can lead to a divergence between WTP and WTA measures. Indirect utility function parameters and uncertainty about the environmental quality change affect the extent ...

We consider systems satisfying a matching condition which are functionally known up to a L2 measure of uncertainty. A modified L2 performance measure is given, and the performance of a class of model based adaptive controllers is studied. An upper perfor­ mance bound is derived in terms of the uncertainty measure and measures of the approximation error of the model. Asymptotic analyses of the b...