The long history of racism in the United States, including racist medical practices, has strongly influenced Black people’s perceptions health care delivery for generations. Unethical practices have included performance painful procedures without anesthesia on enslaved women by J. Marion Sims 1840s, Tuskegee study that intentionally withheld effective treatment from men with syphilis 1930s thro...

– The joint quantification of disparity and diversity is an important aspect of recent macroevolutionary studies, and is usually motivated by theoretical considerations on the pace of innovation and the filling of morphospace. In practice, varying protocols of data collection and analysis have rendered comparisons among studies difficult. The basic question remains, how sensitive is any given d...

Many of the issues of importance to forest management and policy have important social components. Yet, in the South, social research on forests has lagged behind economic and biophysical research. In this paper we identify some important new opportunities for social research on forests in the South, focusing on non industrial private forests because they represent the majority of the South's t...

This article examines cognitive, affective, and behavioral measures of motivation and reviews their use throughout the discipline of experimental social psychology. We distinguish between two dimensions of motivation (outcome-focused motivation and process-focused motivation). We discuss circumstances under which measures may help distinguish between different dimensions of motivation, as well ...

The present study examines the effects of humor and relevance on memory for factual statements. Participants (N=48) read pairs of statements. Each pair included a fact that was always nonhumorous, and a joke that was either humorous or nonhumorous and relevant or irrelevant to its paired fact. In a later memory test, recall of pairs (i.e. both fact and joke) was better when the joke was humorou...

Today’s warfighter like all his predecessors is exposed to an inordinate amount of stressors on the battlefield. A few examples include, sleep deprivation because of the high operational tempo, information overload due to the complex network-centric environment of modern warfare, emotional strain brought about by surrounding violent acts, and anxiety for the welfare of their family members left...

Increasingly, people interact with others via digital representations, or avatars, that feature indicators of race. Nonetheless, little is known about the effects of avatar race on attitudes and behaviors. We conducted a study to determine how people’s implicit racial bias is affected by the race of their avatar in an immersive virtual environment (IVE). Our results indicate that the effects of...

The researchers of this collective case study sought to explore and understand the population of a cohort group of 22 pre-service teachers in agricultural education at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes of using problem-based learning cases by pre-service teachers to learn how to manage difficult student problems related to FF...

This study was looking to determine whether people are more likely to look for heroic qualities in others in an emergency situation where a hero is needed, compared to a situation where nothing is wrong. This study also sought to find whether strangers in non-emergency situations will be seen as more villainous and more threatening than strangers in emergency situations. The hypotheses were sup...

The American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) is a professional organization composed of over 1500 members dedicated to providing high-quality surgical care infants and children. was founded in 1969 with the mission “ensure optimal pediatric patients their families, promote excellence field, foster vibrant viable community surgeons.” In collaboration other national international organizati...